Hepatitis postexposure prophylaxis

Postexposure prophylaxis for perinatal exposure depends upon the mother s HBsAg status.24 Mothers who are HBsAg-positive should have their newborns immunized with both the hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG 0.5 mL. This regimen is 85% effective in preventing the hepatitis B carrier status if administered... [Pg.353]

Lamivudine (3TC, Epivir) is a cytosine nucleoside analogue with activity against HIV-1, HIV-2, and hepatitis B virus. It is approved as part of a multidrug regimen for the therapy of HIV infection in adults and children and has been used for HIV postexposure prophylaxis. Combination products contain lamivudine with either zidovudine (Combivir) or zidovudine and abacavir (Trizivir). The use of low-dose lamivudine in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B is described in Chapter 50. [Pg.588]

Hepatitis A Immune globulin (intramuscular [IM]) Preexposure prophylaxis 0.02 mL/ kg IM for anticipated risk of s 3 months, 0.06 mL/kg for anticipated risk of > 3 months, repeated every 4-6 months for continued exposure. Preexposure and postexposure hepatitis A prophylaxis. The availability of hepatitis A vaccine has greatly reduced the need for preexposure prophylaxis. [Pg.1410]

Hepatitis Hepatitis immune globulin (HBIG) 0.06 mL/kg IM as soon as possible after exposure up to 1 week for percutaneous exposure or 2 weeks for sexual exposure. 0.5 mL IM within 12 hours after birth for perinatal exposure. Postexposure prophylaxis in nonimmune persons following percutaneous, mucosal, sexual, or perinatal exposure. Hepatitis vaccine should also be administered. [Pg.1410]

The two types of products available for prevention of hepatitis B infection include hepatitis B vaccine (provides long-lasting active immunity) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg provides temporary passive immunity). The vaccine is used in preexposure prophylaxis. It is also used in postexposure prophylaxis in combination with HBIg. Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing hepatitis B (Tables 40-6, 40-7, 40-8, and 40-9). ... [Pg.748]

HBIg is used only in postexposure prophylaxis. Postexposure prophylaxis for HBV is recommended for perinatal exposure, sexual exposure to HBsAg-positive persons, percutaneous or permucosal exposure to HBsAg-positive blood, and exposure of an infant to a caregiver who has acute hepatitis B (see Table 40-7). HBIg is given to immunocompromised patients for the same indications and in the same doses as immunocompetent individuals. The recommended dose is 0.06 mL/kg administered intramuscularly. Guidelines for use are listed in Tables 40-6 and 40-7. ... [Pg.748]

Benefltassociated withidentiflcationof HCV infections in health care workers is limited. However, the CDC, in collaboration with the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, recommends that health care instimtions consider implementing policies and procedures for follow-up for HCV infection after percutaneous or permucosal exposures to blood. Follow-up should include testing the source for anti-HCV baseline and 6-month follow-up testing for anti-HCV and AST for the person exposed to an anti-HCV-positive source confirmation by snpplemental anti-HCV testing of all anti-HCV-reactive resnlts and edncation of health care workers about blood-borne infections. Postexposure prophylaxis with Ig or interferon is not recommended. There are no specific recommendations for HCV immnne prophylaxis for exposed individuals. Prophylaxis with Ig after needlestick exposure to hepatitis C is not recommended. ... [Pg.756]

Brooks EA, Lacey LF, Payne SL, Miller DW. Economic evaluation of lamivudine compared with interferon-alpha in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in the United States. Am J Manag Care 2001 7 677-682. United States Public Health Service. Updated U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV and Recommendations for Postexposure Prophylaxis. MMWR Recomm Rep 2001 50(RR-1 l) l-52. [Pg.758]

Prophylaxis of HBV can be achieved by vaccination or by passive immunity in postexposure cases with hepatitis B immunoglobulin. [Pg.288]

Hepatitis A Immune globulin Prophylaxis postexposure and chronic exposure... [Pg.539]

Hepatitis B Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) Prophylaxis postexposure... [Pg.539]

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