Henkel

Products from the Chemicals Division, Procter Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1987 Mdol Tatty Mlcohols, Sherex Chemical Company, Dublin, Ohio, 1986 Vista Sufactants, Industrial Chemicals, andPlastics, Vista Chemical Company, Houston, Texas, 1987 TpalTinear Primary Mlcohols, Ethyl Corporation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 1985 Neodol, Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Texas, 1987 HenkelTat Paw Materials, Henkel K.-G.a.A., Dbsseldorf, Eed. Rep. Germany. 

Fatty Jilcohols, Faw Materials, Methods, Uses, Henkel K.-G.a.A., Dusseldorf, 1982. Also pubHslied in German as Fettalkohole. J. A. Monick, Mkohols, Their Chemist, Properties and Manufacture, Reinhold Book Corp., New York, 1968. 

Henkel, Duesseldorf, Germany 130 -Cg,Cio,Ci2,Ci4,Ci4Cig coconut ok, tallow... 

Henkel, Boussens, Prance 50 -Cg,Ci0,Ci2,Ci4,Ci4,Cig,C20,C22 coconut ok, other fats... 

Some 2,000—3,000 t/yr of these specialty alcohols are produced ia the United States (Exxon) and ia Germany (Henkel) (28). Their high Hquidity because of branching permits use of less volatile, higher molecular weight materials, reported to be less irritating than the lower molecular weight linear alcohol materials, ia a variety of cosmetic products (29). 

Eastman Chemical Eastman Chemical, Henkel Corp., Hoffmann-La Roche Eastman Chemical, UOP Pfi2er... 

Albright and Wilson = A Daiuml hachi Chemical = D Bayer = B Hoechst = Ho American Cyanamid = AC Exxon Chemical = E Shell Chemical = S Henkel = He Sherex = Sh and AK = AKZO. 

Naphthalenesulfonic Acid—Formaldehyde Condensates. The sodium salts of the condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde constitute an important class of compounds which are mainly used in the area of concrete additives (32,33), agricultural formulations, mbber formulations, and synthetic tanning agents. They are also used in photographic materials (34). Hampshire Chemical Co. and Henkel of America, Inc., are the largest suppHers of naphthalene sulfonate in concrete additives (superplasticizer) and reportedly hold 75—80% of this market. It was estimated that naphthalene sulfonate demand from U.S. producers would reach approximately... 

Henkel Rearrangement of Benzoic Acid and Phthalic Anhydride. Henkel technology is based on the conversion of benzenecarboxyhc acids to their potassium salts. The salts are rearranged in the presence of carbon dioxide and a catalyst such as cadmium or zinc oxide to form dipotassium terephthalate, which is converted to terephthahc acid (59—61). Henkel technology is obsolete and is no longer practiced, but it was once commercialized by Teijin Hercules Chemical Co. and Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd. Both processes foUowed a route starting with oxidation of napthalene to phthahc anhydride. In the Teijin process, the phthaHc anhydride was converted sequentially to monopotassium and then dipotassium o-phthalate by aqueous recycle of monopotassium and dipotassium terephthalate (62). The dipotassium o-phthalate was recovered and isomerized in carbon dioxide at a pressure of 1000—5000 kPa ( 10 50 atm) and at 350—450°C. The product dipotassium terephthalate was dissolved in water and recycled as noted above. Production of monopotassium o-phthalate released terephthahc acid, which was filtered, dried, and stored (63,64). 

Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd. practiced a Henkel II technology starting with toluene to produce benzoic acid. Reaction of benzoic acid with potassium hydroxide resulted in potassium benzoate, which was subjected to a disproportionation reaction to produce dipotassium terephthalate and benzene. Dipotassium terephthalate reacted with sulfuric acid, and the resulting terephthahc acid was recovered by filtration and drying (65,66). Here, dipotassium sulfate was the by-product. 

---