Hematopoietic syndrome treatment

Ibeatment for patients suffering from hematopoietic syndromes includes replacing blood cells via transfusion, isolation from sources of infection, and antibiotic treatment. 

All sulfonamides, including antimicrobial sulfas, diuretics, diazoxide, and the sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents, have been considered to be partially cross-allergenic. Flowever, evidence for this is not extensive. The most common adverse effects are fever, skin rashes, exfoliative dermatitis, photosensitivity, urticaria, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and difficulties referable to the urinary tract (see below). Stevens-Johnson syndrome, although relatively uncommon (ie, < 1% of treatment courses), is a particularly serious and potentially fatal type of skin and mucous membrane eruption associated with sulfonamide use. Other unwanted effects include stomatitis, conjunctivitis, arthritis, hematopoietic disturbances (see below), hepatitis, and, rarely, polyarteritis nodosa and psychosis. 

Azacytidine was approved in 2004 for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, a disorder of hematopoietic cell maturation that can progress to acute leukemia. Azacytidine, a cytidine nucleoside analog, causes hypomethylation of DNA. Hypomethylation may normalize the function of genes that control cell differentiation and proliferation, promoting normal cell maturation. ... 

Azacitidine is a DNA demethylation agent, that causes hypomethylation of DNA and direct cytotoxicity on abnormal hematopoietic cells in bone marrow. Azacitidine is indicated in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. 

Polgreen LE, Plog M, Schwender ID, Tolar J, Thomas W, Orchard PJ, Miller BS, Petryk A. Short term growth hormone treatment in children with Hurler syndrome after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009 44 279-85. 

---