Heated Modified Electrodes

Heated gold/CNT electrodes were applied in experiments where the role of temperature for the process of inclusion of molecules inside nanotubes has been studied. Results will be published. 

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Synthesis of Polymers. Polyamic acid solutions were prepared by condensation of the aromatic anhydride and amine in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Polyimide modified electrodes were made by casting or spin coating the precursor polyamic acid solution onto stainless steel or platinum substrates. Imidization was achieved by either heating the films to 400°C for 60 min or through a chemical dehydration process involving immersion in a 1 1 mixture of acetic anhydride and pyridine (6). BTDA-DAPI films were made by casting from a DMAc solution and heating to 100 C. 

In the middle of the last century, the original form of zeolite membranes were synthesized by dispersing the zeolite crystals in polymer membrane matrixes, which were used for gas separation and pervaporative alcohol/water separations. In the last few decades, the researches of polycrystalline zeolite membranes that supported on ceramic, glass, or metal substrates have grown into an attractive and abundant field. Their applications for gas separation, pervaporation, membrane reactors, sensors, low-k films, corrosion protection coatings, zeolite modified electrodes, fuel cells, heat pumps et al. have been wildly explored. In the following text, the applications of supported polycrystalline zeolite membranes for energy and fuels will be presented. 

Further detector devices worked with heated modified carbon paste electrodes and made use of electrochemiluminescence [61, 62]. Details will be given in next paragraph. 

These electrodes modified with metal complexes could have been substitutes for expensive platinum if they had been usable under conditions compatible with requirements for efficient fuel cells. However, they are not stable, particularly in contact with acidic media, which results from demetallation. This is known since the early works with N4 macrocycles and heat treatment has been proposed to enhance the durability of the carbon... 

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