Health effects immune activity

The phytochemical complexity of kiwis has attracted scientific interest for the potential health effects involved, including laboratory studies to probe for activity against cancer, inflammation, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, microbial infections, and immune disorders. 

The US EPA website [76], accessed in September 2003, provides more details, suggesting that the health effects of indoor VOCs include eye, nose and throat irritations, headaches, loss of coordination, nausea, damage to the liver, kidneys, and the central nervous system, and cancer. Similarly, health effects of ETs, which contains thousands of VOCs as well as nicotine, 3-ethenylpyridine, carbon monoxide and particulate matter, include eye, nose and throat irritation, carcinogenic effects, activation of the immune system, exacerbation of asthma and respiratory tract illnesses [6]. 

It has been shown that theanine has numerous health effects, ranging from prevention of neuronal death to reduction of tumor growth, enhancement of antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents, and reduction of hypertension and blood pressure. Moreover, theanine relieves excitation induced by caffeine ingestion and influences the brain levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and dopamine. In addition, ethylamine, a major metabolite of theanine, has been found to boost immune response. 

AhR-mediated activity results Dioxin-like activity is a useful marker of compounds that are able to activate the AhR receptor, which had been shown to be involved in numerous health effects such as impairment of immunity and nervous system or reproduction (Mukeijee 1998). There have been several studies describing AhR-mediated effects of the PMi (Wenger et al. 2009) and PMio (Clemons et al. 1998 Ciganek et al. 2004 Brown et al. 2005) aerosol size fractions. The TEQ calculated from the data of 28 PAHs (25 parent PAHs, retene, biphenyl and triphenylene) represents by average 7.5 and 95% of the dioxin-like activity associated with the particulate and gaseous fractions, respectively. Most of the activity could be produced by dioxins and furans, but also by partly oxygenated PAHs, such as polycyclic aromatic ketones and quinones that were also shown to activate AhR and to be produced by combustion pollution sources (Misaki et al. 2007). The results, furthermore, confirm that a significant portion of the AhR-mediated activity was produced by compounds present in the gas-phase at many polluted localities as it have been shown previously (Klein et al. 2006 Novak et al. 2009). 

With this background there is an obvious call for novel strategies to follow changes of complex molecular patterns of different stress-related diseases over days, weeks, months, and years as an effect of lifestyle and the psychosocial environment to reflect the effects of unhealthy environments. The molecular interactions between the brain and the immune system in health and disease are reflected in the circulatory system as the white blood cells, the lymphocytes, mimic ongoing activities in the brain. By using lymphocytes from patients with psychosomatic-psychiatric diseases we can find detailed information about protein-peptide translational modifications and transformation essential for the development of new approaches that can prevent and treat major psychiatric diseases. 

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