Headspace sorptive extraction

Another recently developed technique is headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) with PDMS stir bars [552]. HSSE-GC was compared with SHS and HS-SPME. SBSE and HSSE extract organic analytes from aqueous or vapour samples. In SBSE, the stir bar is inserted into the aqueous sample and extraction takes place during stirring whereas in HSSE the glass rod is suspended within the headspace volume and sampling takes place during headspace equilibration. New trends are the development of selective sorbents. 

Bicchi, C., loti, C., Rubiolo, P. and Sandra, P. (2002) Headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) applied to the analysis of roasted Arabica coffee and coffee brew. J.Agric. Food Chem. 50, 449-459. 

Bicchi C, Cordero C, lori C, Rubiolo P, Sandra P (2000) Headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) in the headspace analysis of aromatic and medicinal plants. J High Resol Chromatogr 23 539 KreckM, Scharrer A, Bilke S, Mosandl A (2001) Stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)—enantio-MDGC-MS, a rapid method for the enantioselective analysis of chiral flavour compoimds in strawberries. Eur Food Res Technol 213 389... 

The stir bar technique has been applied to headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) [142-144], However, headspace techniques are discussed elsewhere, as they are more applicable to volatile organic compounds than to the semivolatile organic compounds that comprise the focus of this chapter. 

Tienpont, B., David, F., Bicchi, C., Sandra, P. High capacity headspace sorptive extraction. J. Microcol. Sep. 12, 577-584 (2000)... 

Headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) is a similar technique developed by Bicchi et al. in 2000 (79). In HSSE, a PDMS stir-bar is used for head-space sampling of volatile organic molecules. This technique also has similarities to HS-SPME. There are several review articles discussing and comparing HS-SPME, DI-SPME, SBSE and HSSE (10,80-82). 

Bicchi, C. Cordero, C. Liberto, E. Rubiolo, P. Sgorbini, B. David, F. Sandra, P. (2005). Dual-Phase Twisters A New Approach to Headspace Sorptive Extraction and Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction. /. Chromatogr. A, Vol.1094, pp. 9-16, ISSN 00219673. 

B. Sandra, P. Impact of phase ratio, polydimethylsiloxane volume and size, and sampling temperature and time on headspace sorptive extraction recovery of some volatile compounds in the essential oil field. J. Chromatogr. A, 2005,1071, 111-118. 

Thalhamer, B., W. Buchberger, and M. Waser, 2011. Identi cation of thymol phase I metabolites in human urine by headspace sorptive extraction combined with thermal desorption and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 64-69. 

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction and Headspace Sorptive Extraction... 

Heat extraction techniques for solid sample preparation in GC are static and dynamic headspace analysis (SHS, DHS, HS-SPME and HSSE), thermal desorption (TD-GC, TD-GC-MS), pyrolysis and thermochromatography. Nomenclature is not unambiguous as to DHS, TD and PT. The terminology purge-and-trap is usually preferred for the simplest dynamic technique in which it is not necessary to subject the sample to either solvents or elevated temperatures. Scheme 2.7 shows the family of headspace sampling techniques. Headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) and HS-SPME represent high capacity static headspace. 

Bicchi, C. et al. (2009) Stir-bar sorptive extraction and headspace sorptive extraction an overview. 

Similar to those of sampling headspace with gastight syringes, the results obtained by SPME were highly dependent on absorption conditions as well as type of fiber used. Because of the large variety of fibers available (e.g., PDMS, DVB, Carboxen, including fiber combinations) as well as the development of new and improved techniques [e.g., headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) [8]], a detailed description would be too extensive for this chapter. However, an excellent review [12] as well as theoretical aspects [4] and applications of SPME in food, flavor, and fragrance have been published [5-7]. 

HSSE HeadSpace Sorptive Extraction Magnetic bar covered by stationary phase [BIC 05]... 

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