Hazardous substances risk mitigation

There are basically two separate cleanup processes prescribed by CERCLA and the National Contingency Plan. Removal actions are intended to address emergency situations or time-critical concerns. While they can entail permanent remedies, in general, removal actions are intended as a temporary remedy to prevent, minimize, or mitigate a release of hazardous substances. Remedial actions, on the other hand, entail a more thorough evaluation of site conditions and risks and result in permanent remedies. 

Where, except for carcinogenic and biological agents, the risk assessment shows that the quantity of each hazardous substance represents only a slight risk or the arrangements in place control the risk, the employer does not have to take mitigating action. 

In an exceptional situation the actual exposure can be determined (see Sect. 26.5.3), the hazards of the substance has been defined sufficiently (see Sect. 26.3.5) and above all, the exposure limit to the substance has been set by the competent authority. This may apply for instance to working with ethanol, see also Sect. 26.7.2. In such an ideal situation it is possible to claim completely safe working conditions or, in case of genotoxic and sensitising substances, safe with a societally accepted minor health risk (see Sect. 26.7.2). In practice for pharmacy preparation and reconstitution medicines hardly any exposure limits exist at the moment. In most situations risk mitigation means ... 

---