Halogenated nitrogen-containing

Although acetonitrile is one of the more stable nitriles, it undergoes typical nitrile reactions and is used to produce many types of nitrogen-containing compounds, eg, amides (15), amines (16,17) higher molecular weight mono- and dinitriles (18,19) halogenated nitriles (20) ketones (21) isocyanates (22) heterocycles, eg, pyridines (23), and imidazolines (24). It can be trimerized to. f-trimethyltriazine (25) and has been telomerized with ethylene (26) and copolymerized with a-epoxides (27). 

Sulfonate Esters. Sucrose sulfonates are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of epoxides and derivatives containing halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur. In addition, the sulfonation reaction has been used to determine the relative reactivity of the hydroxyl groups in sucrose. The general order of reactivity in sucrose toward the esterification reaction is OH-6 OH-6 > OH-1 > HO-2. 

Simple combustion at 700 °C in a stream of oxygen over platinum or silver has also been used for the sulphone sulphate oxidation219. However, this method does not work well for halogen- and nitrogen-containing sulphones. 

By far the most important fibre-reactive groups which react by nucleophilic substitution contain six-membered aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings with halogen substituents. The first group of com-... 

Sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds will produce their corresponding oxides and should not be incinerated without considering their effects on air quality. Halogenated hydrocarbons not only may affect air quality but also may corrode the incinerator. Also, organo-metallic compounds containing cadmium, mercury, and so on, are not recommended for incineration because of the potential for air and solid waste contamination. 

The halogenation of alkanes in the presence of sulphur dioxide yields alkanesulphonyl chlorides (5.79), and these are made in large quantities for conversion to metal alkanesulphonates (used as emulsifiers in polymerizations) or to nitrogen-containing derivatives. The sulphur dioxide acts by trapping the alkyl radical it does not terminate the chain mechanism, and so quantum yields can be very high (—2000). 

Photocyclization arising by intramolecular elimination of HC1, HBr, or HI has been extensively used in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, but much less so in oxygen and sulfur systems. The mechanism of these transformations is not always clear some proceed by way of an initial carbon-halogen bond homolysis, whereas others involve cyclization and... 

Interactions of C02 with alkyl halogenides or with compounds containing halogen-nitrogen bonds take place as dissociative electron captures. As a result, free radicals are formed according to Scheme 1-88 ... 

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