Gyrodinium aureolum

In B.C. they are usually separated distributionally, but intermediate forms occur in intermediate localities. In Japan they may be temporally separated.The allocation of Gymnodinium breve to Ptychodiscus depends on the presence of a pellicle. Although not seen with TEM it can be seen with light microscopy. Geographic distribution is closely linked to taxonomy for, although some toxin producers appear to be endemic in a restricted sense, closely similar forms occur elsewhere (e.g.p, brevis) or the same species may be known by different names in different regions ( Gyrodinium aureolum ). 

As noted above, Gyrodinium aureolum, has been implicated in the death of fish and benthic invertebrates in the North Sea (principally southern Norway, 61) and the Irish Sea, but only since 1966. It was first described from Massachusetts but has not caused kills in that region. 

Figure 5. Relationship between total DMSP and cell carbon for Phaeocystis pouchetu and Gyrodinium aureolum, where the two species constituted >70% and >80% by carbon of the total phytoplankton biomass respectively.

Figure 7A. Depth profiles for DMS, DMSP, chlorophyll, temperature and cell number for two stations where different algal species predominate, July/August 1985 A) 49C28 N, 03C55 W Gyrodinium aureolum. (Reproduced with permission from (2). Copyright 1988 American Society of Limnology and Oceanography.)...

Gyrodinium aureolum (Hulbert) saturates the surface waters in the northern stratified area. 

Hansen, G., Daugbjerg, N., and Henriksen, P. Comparative stndy of Gymnodinium mikimotoi and Gymnodinium aureolum, comb. nov. (=Gyrodinium aureolum) based on morphology, pigment composition and molecular data. J. Phycol, 36, 394-410, 2000. 

Kite, G.C. and Dodge, J.D., Cell and chloroplast ultrastructure in Gyrodinium aureolum and Gymnodinium galatheanum, two marine dinoflagellates containing an unusual carotenoid, Sarsia 73, 131, 1988. 

Marine toxic dinoflagellate (Gyrodinium aureolum) Multiple solvent systems Parrish et al, 1993... 

Parrish, C. C., Bodennec, G., Sebedio, J.-L. et al. (1993) Intra- and extracellular lipids in cultures of the toxic dinoflagellate, Gyrodinium aureolum. Phytochemistry, 32, 291-5. 

Le Corre, P., L Helguen, S., and Wafar, M. (1993). Nitrogen source for uptake by Gyrodinium cf. aureolum in a tidal front. Limnol. Oceanogr. 38, 446-451. 

Partensky, E, Sournia, A., 1986. Le dinoflagelle Gyrodinium cf. aureolum dans le plancton de I Atlantique nord identification, ecologie, toxicite. Cryptogamie Algologie, 7, 251-275. 

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