Growth form concepts

Molecular forms bring concepts back developed during the nineteenth century in which crystal growth forms were systematically investigated. At that time, atoms were not considered to be real but only as a way of expressing chemical laws [4], and lattice periodicity an hypothesis compatible with the empirical law of rational indices with no consequence for the physical nature of crystals [5]. The present molecular situation is reversed one knows that there are atoms and where the atoms are. A molecular lattice allows an interpretation of the molecular morphology, also expressible in terms of rational indices, but without a theoretical basis, even if one can speak of molecular crystallography [6]. 

Fig. 7.10 Correlates of the plant apparency concept as illustrated with selected plant growth forms containing cyanogenic glycosides. Seasonal trends in cyanide, nitrogen and water concentrations illustrated. Although so-called predictable or apparent plants (or plant parts) tend to be at the left and bottom of the figure with unapparent or unpredictable plants at the upper right, many exceptions may exist depending upon the insects concerned (see text for further discussion).

A crystal is limited by its faces. The set of equivalent faces resulting from the crystal symmetry is called a crystalline form in crystallography. All the forms present in a crystal represent the morphology of the crystal. However, the concept of morphology alone does not fully cover the external form of the crystal, which is contained in the notion of crystal habit. The concept of habit includes the notion of face extension. However, it is important to emphasize that the growth form of... 

The two patents described above were particularly important in the initiation of the developments of biodesulfurization catalysts. The bioreactor arrays required for operation and growth method constituted key elements in the following developments of the area, which would condition viability and successful path to industrialization. A sulfur bioavailability assay was incorporated into the screen for monitoring the sulfur uptake by the microorganisms, and the concept formed a claim in the patents [67,91], The objective... 

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