Groundwater flow paths

Fig. 6-7 Vertical cross-section showing pathways for surface and subsurface runoff. Path 1 HOF path 2 groundwater flow path 3 subsurface stormflow path 4 SOF. (From Dunne and Leopold, 1978.)...

Processes controlling nuclide distributions. The general equations for onedimensional advective transport along a groundwater flow path of groundwater constituents, and the incorporation of water/rock interactions, are given in such texts as Freeze and Cherry (1979). The equations can be applied to the distribution in groundwater of each isotope I with a molar concentration Iw and parent with Pw to obtain... 

Iw with distance x along a groundwater flow path. The terms on the right side represent the input and removal terms (see Fig. 2a), which in order are ... 

Fig. 2.19 A more detailed cross-section of the U-shape model area shown in Fig. 2.18 (condensing several figures of Toth, 1963, 1995). Groundwater flow paths deduced by the U-shape flow paths model are marked with arrows denoting flow directions. Three flow zones have been concluded local, intermediate, and regional, with alternating points of discharge (e.g., points A, B, D, F) and points of recharge (points C, E, G, H). The symmetry of the suggested flow lines, centered in the modeled box, reveals that they are a direct outcome of the assumption of the three impermeable flow planes.

Krabbenhoft D. P., Bullen T. D., and Kendall C. (1992) Isotopic indicators of groundwater flow paths in a northern Wisconsin aquifer. AGU Trans. 73, 191. 

Figure 13 Schematic representation of groundwater compositions at the URL lease area showing groundwater flow paths and geochemical patterns in fracture zones (Gascoyne et aL, 1987) (reproduced by permission of Geological Association of Canada from Saline Water and Gases in Crystalline Rocks, 1987, pp. 53-68).

The temperature, salinity and hydrochemical composition change systematically along the groundwater flow path from the recharge area where meteoric waters infiltrate, to the groundwater discharge areas (Section 2.3.1). 

Observations the mass-balance models can help the user to determine and quantify the geochemical processes that are most important to the chemical evolution of a water, whether natural or contaminated. With sufficient information (e.g., isotopic data) the models can provide information on the hydrogeology, including groundwater flow paths and velocities. If groundwater velocities are known, the models can determine reaction rates. Use of these models can help to identify critically needed data or measurements, such as identification of the mineralogy or isotopic compositions, etc. 

In 1999, 10 sediment cores were drilled at the field site, reaching to the base of the aquifer body. The instrumentation consists of 24 conventional piezometers at varying depths and three multilevel wells located in a distance of 3 to 620 m from the river (Fig. 11.1). The area has been intensively surveyed and monitored over 1V2 years for relevant parameters. A 3D transient hydraulic model serves as a base for investigating groundwater flow paths for different river levels. 

The redox sequence starts with the reduction of O2 and NO3 present in the river water. O2 and NOj are probably consumed within the first few m or even dm along the groundwater flow path since they are not observed in any of the observation wells (see also Massmann et al., 2001). 

Fig. 5 Groundwater flow paths in relation to helium and uranium content in groundwater samples and uranium ore deposits, southern Powder River Basin ...

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