Ground rubber tire powder

Waste ground rubber tire powder was devulcanized and mixed with 30 per hundred rubber (phr) natural rubber to give satisfactory vulcanizate properties. An intermeshing counter-rotating twin-screw extruder with constant root and flight diameters of the screw was designed and installed for waste rubber recycling [31]. 

The surface modification of the ground rubber tire (GRT) powder was found to be suitable for enhancement of its adhesion to nitrile rubber (NBR) vulcanizates (Zhang et al., 2009c). By use of the atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge, the hydrophobic surface of the powder transformed to a hydrophilic one as shown by the water contact angle, ATR-FTIR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) studies. After atmospheric plasma treatment, the improvement in the tensile strength and tear strength was observed for the modified tire powder-filled NBR vulcanizates. The latter was attributed to the enhanced interfacial interaction between modified GRT and NBR matrix. 

Typical fillers barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, carbon black, calcium sulfate whiskers, diatomaceous earth, glass fiber, glass spheres, hollow silicates, kaolin, mica, talc, wollastonite, silica, magnesium hydroxide, hydrotalcite, red mud, ground tire rubber, ferromagnetic powder, nickel fibers, wood flour, zirconium silicate, starch, soot, marble, aluminum, lignin, sand... 

About 650 metric tons of chalk was applied in an effort to sink the oil. But after one month at sea, the oil was so viscous that the chalk just sat of top of it. Rubber powder made from ground-up tires was applied absorb the oil absorption. The French Navy used water hoses to spread most of the powder. Some was applied manually from small fishing boats. Because it stayed on top of the oil, the mbber powder had little effect wave action wasn t strong enough to mix it into the oil, most of which was trapped inside the chocolate mousse emulsion. 

Miscellaneous uses include chopped, shredded or ground tires used in smaller rubber items such as floor mats, sandals and molded rubber objects. Cut and punched tires are used to make items such as belts, gaskets, muffler hangers and agricultural-related tires. Newer uses include polymer-treated rubber powder used for carpet backing or underlay, roofing and other molded items. 

In order to be used as a filler in polymer composites, tires are first ground into a fine powder on the order of 100-400 im. This is accomplished typically through either cryogenic or ambient grinding. General reviews of the size-reduction process have been published. A typical process generally involves tire splitters to cut the tire initially, followed by a two-roll grooved-rubber mill or hammer... 

---