Green chemistry solvent usage

According to the end goal of green chemistry, the criteria for what determines a green solvent will vary, depending upon the use and ultimate fate of the solvent during the process. Likewise, the determination of what constitutes appropriate solvent usage in... 

These examples indicate the potential minimization of solvent usage by the development of new water-based chemistries for green processing. 

According to Scheme 2.1 the principles of green chemistry can be condensed to the word productively [16]. Two main goals are to eliminate or minimize the use of volatile organic solvents in modern syntheses and to reduce energy inputs. Development of new synthetic solvent-free methods with microwave assistance is an important topic of research with growing popularity, because solvent-free reactions reduce solvents usage, simplify synthesis and separation procedures, prevent waste, and avoid the hazards and toxicity associated with the use of solvents [135]. 

By varying the pressure of the solvent, endoiexo selectivity was maximized at 24 1, a significant improvement over selectivity achieved in conventional solvents (11 1). Green chemistry benefits of a less hazardous solvent, reduced energy usage,... 

The chemical industry (including the broad areas of academic, industrial and practical chemical usage shown in Table I) produces efficacious solvents to satisfy the roles shown in Table I. The development of our knowledge of solutions reflects to some extent the development of chemistry itself (d). Since this is true and since green chemistry is attempting to make chemical practices more environmentally benign, solvents must be evaluated to assay whedier they are necessary (solvent-less or less solvent), and if so, how can their use be made more environmentally benign. This environmental criterion has assumed a critical role in the determination of appropriate chemistry for the 21 century. 

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