Green chemistry solvent-free environment

One of the key principles of green chemistry is the elimination of solvents in chemical synthesis or the replacement of hazardous solvents with environmentally benign solvents. The development of solvent-free alternative syntheses is, of course, the best solution, especially when either one of the substrates or the product is a liquid and can be used as the natural solvent of the reaction. However, if solvents are crucial to a process, we can select from solvents that will have no or limited impact on health and the environment and the selection should be an intrinsic part of green innovation. The most important rule is that we should match the solvent properties with the synthesis objectives and then identify the best available solvent or design a new solvent. 

In view of the recent trend towards the development of clean and environment-friendly green chemical processes, investigations of solvent- and hazardous reagent-free reactions have become important in synthetic organic chemistry. Efficient solvent-free methods in the presence of organocatalysts, metal catalysts, and others are presented below. 

Green chemistry involves design of chemical synthesis to prevent pollution and thereby, solve the environmental problems. The microwave chemistry is a current approach in green chemistry. Microwave-mediated reactions occur more rapidly, safely and in environment-friendly manner with high yields. Such reactions reduce the amount of waste products and increase the pure required products. Thus, one can conclude that microwave-mediated synthesis is a green chemical technology because microwave not only accelerate chemical processes but also improve yield, selectivity, reduces pollution and enable reaction to occur in solvent-free conditions. 

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