Graphite multi-layered

The actuality of researches of multi-layer objects with high density of materials for airspace technics is substantiate by several firms. The distribution of the heavier in longerons and elements of the screw of the helicopter was determined with the help of RCT. In the filler made of graphite or rubbers the layers of heavier from leaden alloys and the air stratification 1 up to 5 mm wide are revealed with the ratio signal / noise more than 3, even at presence of an external steel cover. 

As the diameter of the catalyst particle is supposed to be close to that of the single-shell tubule[20], or to that of the inner tubule [8], the number of graphitic layers might depend on the flow rate of acetylene at the catalyst particle. The graphitic layers are supposed to be formed by the Cj units formed on the catalyst particle, exceeding those needed for the growth of the multi-shell tubule inner layer. This generalisation to multi-layer tubules is just a hypothesis, since we do not have any experimental proof yet. 

The remarkable stability of onion-like particles[15] suggests that single-shell graphitic molecules (giant fullerenes) containing thousands of atoms are unstable and would collapse to form multi-layer particles in this way the system is stabilized by the energy gain from the van der Waals interaction between shells [15,26,27],... 

Combining the results of the TEM+ED and XPS analysis we may conclude that at the low deposition temperatures, i.e. below 400°C the films consist mainly of Ni3C type crystalline phase. Films grown at or above 400°C have a cubic (fee) Ni or NiCx structure constituting the crystalline part of the structure [19, 23], The access carbon, which is not incorporated into the NixC carbide, constitutes the multi-layered graphitic walls separating the Ni-NixC crystalline grains. 

Fuel type Spherical graphite fuel elements with coated fuel particles (spherical particles with UO2 kernels and multi-layer ceramic coatings)... 

Carbon nanotubes are seamless and hollow nanotubes that are curled from a single layer or multi-layer graphite flakes. Carbon nanotubes have many advantages such as high elasticity, low density, good insulation and... 

The multi-shell fullerenes constitute the transition from fullerenes to macroscopic graphite. They present both the closed graphitic surface of fullerenes and the stacked layers interacting by van der Waals forces, as in graphite. 

Since their first discovery by Iijima in 1991 [1], carbon nanotubes have attracted a great deal of interest due to their very exciting properties. Their structure is characterized by cylindrically shaped enclosed graphene layers that can form co-axially stacked multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs) or single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs). Like in graphite, carbon atoms are strongly bonded to each other in the curved honeycomb network but have much weaker Van der Waals-type interaction with carbons belonging to... 

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