Graphite as a sensitizer

Because amorphous carbon as graphite heats up strongly under MW irradiation [4], its use as a sensitizer has been widely reported [5-10] (Sect. 7.1). Recently, MW-as-sisted esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols was performed on activated carbon in good yields (71-96%) [98]. For our part, when charcoal powder was used as a support, we had difficulty in desorbing the reaction products [15]. Even with a continuous extractor, the desorption was never quantitative. The desorption of reaction products from graphite powder is much easier than from amorphous carbon powder. 

Persson and Irgum determined sub-p.p.m. concentrations of DMAA in seawater by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used as a sensitive and specific detector for arsenic. The technique allowed DMAA to be determined in a sample (20 ml) containing a 10 -fold excess of inorganic arsenic with a detection limit of 0.02ng As ml ... 

Electrothermal Atomizers A significant improvement in sensitivity is achieved by using resistive heating in place of a flame. A typical electrothermal atomizer, also known as a graphite furnace, consists of a cylindrical graphite tube approximately... 

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