Granulomatous change

With all difficult cases, there is a possibility of taking a second or third biopsy punch to produce a greater histological yield (e.g. in cases of granulomatous changes, haemochromatosis). 

Thus, the Ba isomer fed at 125 ppm in diet induced granulomatous changes in several mouse tissues after only 8 weeks, whereas... 

Incidence of Fenvalerate-Induced Granulomatous Changes in Mice... 

Thus it appeared clear that only the Ba isomer produced granulomatous changes. The next step was to carry out a detailed... 

Table V. Formation of Granulomatous Changes by Single I.V. Injection of [2R]-CPIA-Cholesterol...

In man, hypersensitivity reactions of the delayed type (mostly granulomatous changes) have been described on the skin and, more rarely, in the lungs of persons exposed to either water-soluble or water-insoluble zirconium compounds. The allergenic effects have also been demonstrated in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig. 

The pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate, (a-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)isovalerate, contains two centers of chirality in its structure (designated as the 2 and a positions Fig. 19) and therefore four stereoisomers, two pairs of enantiomers are possible. Initial evaluation of the mixture, by addition to the diet of a number of species, resulted in granulomatous changes in the liver, lymph nodes, and spleen. Separation and evaluation of the individual stereoisomers indicated that the toxidty was associated with one of the four, the 2i ,a5-stereoisomer, and subsequent metabolic studies found the cause to be associated with the formation and disposition of a cholesterol ester of (i )-2-(4-chlorophenyl)isovalerate (Fig. 19). A metabolic transformation shown to be stereospedfic in mice, only the 2i ,a5-stereoisomer yielding the ester both in vitro and in vivo [159]. 

Gao J-L, Wynn TA, Chang Y, et al. Imparted host defense, hematopoiesis, granulomatous inflammation and type 1-type 2 cytokine balance in mice lacking CC chemokine receptor 1. J Exp Med 1997 185 1959-1968. 

Using both a carbocyanine dye and another lipophilic cation, triphenylmethyl-phosphonium, Seligmann and Galhn found defective changes in the membrane potential in PMNs from patients with chronic granulomatous disease in response to FMLP or PMA, In PMNs from patients with other disorders of function the responses were normal. The resting membrane potential, the response to valinomycin, (an ionophore for potassium) and the response to the ionophore for Ca, were all normal or only slightly impaired. 

Sarcoidosis is a primary multisystemic, granulomatous disease of (still) unknown aetiology with enhanced immunity at the site of manifestation. The lungs and the intrathoracic lymph nodes are nearly always affected. In many cases, the extrathoracic organs are involved as well. Sarcoidosis is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cell granulomas, which do not show caseous changes. 

An exudative granulomatous reaction started 2 days after the injection of hyaluronic acid (Hylaform) (dose not stated) for perioral wrinkles (7). The eczematous papular skin changes disappeared completely within 6 weeks, and could be provoked by intracutaneous testing with Hylaform (dose not stated). Histological examination showed a foreign body granuloma. 

Tocainide can increase the activities of serum transaminases (33) and can cause fatty change (33) and granulomatous hepatitis (34). 

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