Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Gram-positive bacteria inhibitor

In healthy individuals URT flora multiplies in gastric aspirate during treatment with antisecretory compounds and in particular proton pump inhibitors [34, 40, 44], This concerns viridans streptococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Haemophilus sp., diphtheroids, Moraxella sp., lactobacilli, and other streptococci, most of which are Gram-positive bacteria. With dedicated measures anaerobic species of oral origin are also recovered [66]. [Pg.6]

Selective failure of the gastric acid barrier, as seen in otherwise healthy individuals on proton pump inhibitors or with H. pylori-induced corpus gastritis, results in gastric colonization of swallowed oropharyngeal bacteria. In otherwise healthy subjects this will be mainly Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the URT flora and strict anaerobic bacteria of oral origin. [Pg.7]

Finally, indolo[l,2-r ]benzo[l,2,3]triazines 46 proved to be fairly potent and selective inhibitors of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, up to 80 times more potent than the reference drug streptomycin, and inhibited the growth of the above Gram-positive bacteria at concentrations far lower than those cytotoxic for animal cells <1999JME2561>. [Pg.642]

Other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis. Bacitracin and vancomycin interfere with the transport of pepti-doglycans through the cytoplasmic membrane and are active only against gram-positive bacteria. Bacitracin is a polypeptide mixture, markedly nephrotoxic and used only topically. Vancomycin is a glycopeptide and the drug of choice for the (oral) treatment of bowel inflammations occurring as a complication of antibiotic therapy (pseudomembranous enterocolitis caused by Clostridium difficile), it is not absorbed. [Pg.270]

Decatromicins A (1218) and B (1219) are produced by an Actinomadura sp. and are active against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (1229,1230). These compounds are closely related to pyrrolosporin A (1220) from Micromonospora sp. (1231,1232). The ascidian Polycitor africanus from Madagascar has afforded the new polycitone B (1221) (1233), which is related to the known polycitone A (1), a potent inhibitor of retroviral reverse transcriptases and cellular DNA polymerases (1234). The known polycitrin B was synthesized for the first time (1235). [Pg.183]

The highly complex chlorinated pyrrole-containing macrolide colubricidin A (1626) is produced in cultures of an unidentified Streptomyces species (1595). This metabolite displays excellent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The Dominican sponge Spirastrella coccinea produces spirastrellolide A (1627), which is a potent and selective inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (1596) (revised later (1597)). [Pg.238]

The arylhydrazinopyrimidines are potent inhibitors of DNA polymerase III from Gram-positive bacteria ( . coli is a Gram-negative organism). These compounds form ternary complexes with the polymerase and the DNA template. [Pg.474]

Figure 8 Structures of nonmodified oligopeptide signal molecules mediating intraspecies cell-to-cell communication in Gram-positive bacteria, (a) Peptide sex pheromones and their inhibitors involved in the regulation of conjugative plasmid transfer in Enterococcus faecalis. (b) Competence- and sporulation-stimulating factors of Bacillus subtilis. Figure 8 Structures of nonmodified oligopeptide signal molecules mediating intraspecies cell-to-cell communication in Gram-positive bacteria, (a) Peptide sex pheromones and their inhibitors involved in the regulation of conjugative plasmid transfer in Enterococcus faecalis. (b) Competence- and sporulation-stimulating factors of Bacillus subtilis.
Finally, it has to be noted that glycopeptides only represent one option to combat infections by gram-positive bacteria. Current research is focused on other cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors (e.g., (3-lactams, cephalosporins) or even on the development of antibacterial agents (e.g., tetracyclines, ketohdes, and quinolone antibiotics) against other targets.An important drug candidate in this context is hnezolid (Zyvox), which is an entirely synthetic oxazolidinone antibiotic with in vitro and in vivo efficiency against MRS A and VRE. ... [Pg.65]

Enzymes in the aaRS family are a promising target for the development of novel antibiotics (17). Selective inhibition of just one essential aaRS would be lethal to the pathogen. The best example is mupirocin, a commercially marketed IleRS inhibitor. Mupirocin, also known as pseudomonic acid, originally was isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens and is used as a topical antibiotic against gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus. It binds directly to the first lysine of the conserved KMSKS sequence in the amino acylation active site (18). [Pg.37]

The most recent classification ofyff-lactamases is that of Bush [17], who proposed a modification of the Richmond-Sykes system based primarily on biochemical characteristics, using substrate and inhibitor profiles in addition to physical data. This system, which also includes yS-lactamases from Gram-positive bacteria, seems likely to become the preferred system for the classification of yS-lactamases in the future. [Pg.302]

Daptomycin is a novel lipopeptide antibiotic, an inhibitor of lipoteichoic acid synthesis, with potent bactericidal activity against most clinically important Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant strains (1,2). [Pg.1053]

More than 500 different representatives of the macrolide antibiotics are known, most of which are biologically active against Gram-positive bacteria, displaying a relatively low toxicity. Clinically used are erythromycin, oleandomycin, carbomycin and leucomycin (O Fig. 5). They act as inhibitors of the bacterial protein biosynthesis by binding to the 50S-ribosomal subunit. The synthesis of the two clinically important 16-membered ring macrolide antibiotics leucomycin A3 and carbomycin B could be started from D-glucose, which was chosen because it contained three of the required stereocenters [40]. [Pg.2551]

L-156,602 was discovered by Hurley et al. in 1986 and Hensens et al. in 1991 as a competitive inhibitor for binding of anaphylatoxin C5a to its receptor on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (Fig.l5). L-156,602 shows strong cytotoxicity against tumor cells and antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria l... [Pg.708]


See other pages where Gram-positive bacteria inhibitor is mentioned: [Pg.112]    [Pg.118]    [Pg.29]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.366]    [Pg.330]    [Pg.651]    [Pg.1012]    [Pg.1014]    [Pg.130]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.277]    [Pg.1055]    [Pg.1068]    [Pg.203]    [Pg.510]    [Pg.171]    [Pg.402]    [Pg.420]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.390]    [Pg.83]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.2059]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.310]    [Pg.281]    [Pg.265]    [Pg.708]    [Pg.4]    [Pg.84]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.118]    [Pg.1902]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.23 , Pg.68 ]




SEARCH



Gram bacteria

Gram positive

Grams

© 2024 chempedia.info