Grafting homo polymerization reactions

Effect of Monomer Concentration The grafting ratio increased upon increasing the monomer concentration. This increase in percentage grafting may be because of the availability of extra monomer for grafting, which may be due to more homo polymerization through competing side reaction. 

Enzymatic polymerizations have been established as a promising and versatile technique in the synthetic toolbox of polymer chemists. The applicability of this technique for homo- and copolymerizations has been known for some time. With the increasing number of reports on the synthesis of more complex structures like block copolymers, graft copolymers, chiral (co)polymers, and chiral crosslinked nanoparticles, its potential further increases. Although not a controlled polymerization technique itself, clever reaction design and integration with other polymerization techniques like controlled radical polymerization allows the procurement of well-defined polymer structures. Specific unique attributes of the enzyme can be applied... 

Depending on the nature of the base polymer, chelation reactions can occur either in a homogeneous (soluble linear homo- and copolymers) or heterogeneous (cross-linked, grafted polymers and gels) phases. Consideration of the polymeric nature of the chelating ligand requires a more deliberate, as compared with the LMWM, selection of solvents, pH control and specific synthesis conditions. 

The role of solvent alcohol in the photosensitized copolymerization or graft polymerization of styrene with cellulose has been investigated. Photo-induced grafting of poly(styrene-a/r-acrylonitrile) to cellulose yielded a product containing hetero- and homo-polymer chains. The effects of the matrix and concentration on the rate of reaction and the products have been investigated in persulphate-initiated grafting of poly(styrene-a/t-acrylonitrile) onto cellulose. ... 

The kinetics of free-radical graft polymerization involves the following species solvent, initiator, monomer, surface vinylsilane, free and grafted polymer radicals, and terminated homo- and surface polymers. The consumption of monomer via covalent attachment to the silane-modified surface occurs by two processes homopolymerization and graft polymerization, with the sum of these two rates representing the overall rate of polymerization. Similar to classical free-radical homopolymerization, the reaction sequence in a free-radical graft polymerization can be divided into fottr main parts (1) initiation, (2) propagation, (3) chain transfer, and (4) termination. 

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