Temporal goods

Chapman et al. [131] reported the synthesis of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) supported dendritic f-BOC-poly(a, c-L-lysines). These dendritic polymers termed as hydramphiphiles formed foams possessing good temporal stability in aqueous solution. Scrimin et al. [132] synthesized a three-directional polypeptide having uses in membrane permeability modulation. Decapeptide fragments were linked to TREN [tris(2-aminoethyl)amine] core. 

Fig. 1. Here we present the measurements of the RTG (grey) and PE (black) signals on a longer time scale with good temporal resolution, 50fs pulses.

Using resonant effects in core-level spectroscopic investigations of model chromophore adsorbates, such as bi-isonicotinic acid, on metal-oxide surfaces under UHV condition, even faster injection times have been tentatively proposed [85]. The injection time is observed to be comparable to the core-hole decay time of ca. 5 fs. It is also possible to resolve different injection times for different adsorbate electronic excited states with this technique. While the core-excitations themselves provide a perturbation to the system, and it cannot be ruled out that this influences the detailed interactions, the studies provide some of the first local molecular, state-specific injection time analysis with good temporal resolution in the low femtosecond regime. The results provide information about which factors determine the injection time on a molecular level. 

As shown above, in-situ TDLAS measurements show its unique potential to investigate localized water transport in operating PEMFCs, leading to fundamental understanding on water management. It is also capable of monitoring localized phenomena with good temporal resolution. 

The choice of laser system is dictated by the considerations outlined above. High-energy pulses of two different frequencies are needed, and good temporal synchronization between the pulses is essential. A pulse width of 0.3-1.0 ps is adequate to resolve most dephasing processes. Good mode quality is important to minimize self-focusing. 

In the backward-wave geometry, the fundamental laser beam is usually split into forward, backward and pump beam. It is necessary to use delay lines in the case where the pulses are very short in order to assure a good temporal overlap between the three input beams. The output phase-conjugated intensity is maximized by changing the path length of one of the pump beams. The maximum value for the DFWM signal is measured for both sample (fample) and a reference (fe/erence)-In the case of non-absorbing medium, they are simply related [24] ... 

In order to overcome the disadvantages related to the low temperature of chemical flames, but to have sources with similarly good temporal stability and versatility with respect to analyte introduction. efforts were directed toward electrically generated plasmas. At atmospheric pressure, these discharges have a temperature of at least 5000 K and, provided their geometry is properly optimized, they allow efficient introduction of analyte aerosols. In most cases, they are operated in a noble gas to avoid chemical reactions between analyte and working gas. 

This medical imaging method has some advantages such as being non-invasive, non-hazaradous, high speed-good temporal resolution, sensitive to very small impedance changes and inexpensive [3] and portable equipment. 

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