Goldfish pituitary

Johnson, J.D. and J.P. Chang. Novel, thapsigargin-insensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores control growth hormone release from goldfish pituitary cells. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 165 139-150, 2000. 

Somoza et al.5S,S9 demonstrated that 5-HT plays an important stimulatory role in the regulation of GTH-II release. Intraperitoneal injections of 5-HT rapidly elevated serum GTH-II levels. Serotonin also stimulated GTH-II release from goldfish pituitary fragments in vitro. Antagonists of the 5-HT2 receptor type system blocked this in vitro effect. Moreover, 5-HT in Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulates), a marine fish species, is considered a principal stimulator of GTH-II release31. 

Fig. 5. Effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and gemfibrozil (GEM) on relative growth hormone (GH) mRNA expression levels in goldfish pituitary. Data represent means standard errors with n = 10. C, control < 0.05 compared with C by one-way ANOVA Tukey post hoc test.

Blazquez, M., P.T. Bosma, J.P. Chang, K. Docherty and V.L. Trudeau. Gamma-aminobutyric acid upregulates the expression of a novel secretogranin-II mRNA in the goldfish pituitary. Endocrinology 139 4870-4880, 1998. 

Somoza, G.M. and R.E. Peter. Effects of serotonin on gonadotropin and growth hormone release from in vitro perifused goldfish pituitary fragments. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 82 103-110, 1991. 

Peng, C., Huang, Y.P. Peter, R.E. (1990) Neuropeptide Y stimulates growth hormone and gonadotropin release from the goldfish pituitary in vitro. Neuroendocrinology 52, 28-34. 

The circumstances of an odor experiment are important. For instance, male carp, Cyprinus carpio, spermiate in the presence of females that ovulate after having been injected with carp pituitary homogenate (as is already known for goldfish). This effect occurred in earthen ponds (200 m ) but not in bare tanks... 

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