Glycogenolysis state

Adrenal medulla. On the one hand, release of epinephrine elicits cardiovascular effects, such as increases in heart rate und peripheral vascular resistance. On the other, it evokes metabolic responses, such as glycogenolysis and li-polysis, that generate energy-rich substrates. The sensation of hunger is suppressed. The metabolic state corresponds to that associated with physical exercise - silent stress . 

Il.f.l.1. Insulins. Insulin is the most effective of diabetes medications. Insulin has profound effects on carbohydrate, protein, fat metabolism and electrolytes. It has anabolic and anticatabolic actions. In a state of insulin deficiency, glycogenesis, glucose transport, protein synthesis, triglyceride synthesis, LPL activity in adipose tissue, cellular potassium uptake all decrease on the other hand, gluconeogene-sis, glycogenolysis, protein degradation, ketogene-sis, lipolysis increase. 

Glucagon Pancreatic alpha cell, central nervous system Primary counter-regulatory hormone that restores glucose levels in hypoglycemic state (increases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis as well as protein-lipid flux in liver and muscle) Neural and humoral factors released in response to hypoglycemia... 

In general, the thyroid hormone increases glucose level by glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, stimulates lipolysis especially in hyperthyroidism. In normal conditions, the thyroid hormone has stimulatory effects on the synthesis of proteins but also leads to catabolic reactions in muscle under hypo- and hyperthyroid states [10]. 

Fig. 26.2 In the fasted state, glucose and insulin concentrations decrease, allowing for glycogenolysis, hpolysis, and ketone production to occur to supply energy to the body...

Gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis and, in fasting states, glycogenolysis occur in the liver. 

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