Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase

In the glycerophosphate shuttle, two different glycerophosphate dehydrogenases, one in the cytoplasm and one on the outer face of the mitochondrial inner membrane, work together to carry electrons into the mitochondrial matrix (Figure 21.32). NADH produced in the cytosol transfers its electrons to dihydroxyaeetone phosphate, thus reducing it to glyeerol-3-phosphate. This metabolite is reoxidized by the FAD -dependent mitochondrial membrane enzyme to... 

Inhibits alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in trout... 

Aldolase 4.1.2.3 C Fructose-1,6-diphosphate NADH Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase... 

CS causes alkylation of sulfhydryl-containing enzymes and inhibits lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic dehydrogenase, pyruvic decarboxy-. lase, and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase.24,40 it reacts with a number of nucleophilic compounds, such as glutathione, plasma protein, and lipoic acid.24... 

Ovalbumin Conalbumin Ovomucoid Lysozyme Vitellogenin apo-VLDL Glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase Oviduct Oviduct (liver) Oviduct Oviduct Liver Liver Uterus Thyroid Hormones Carbamyl phosphate synthase Growth hormone Prolactin ( ) a-Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase Malic enzyme Liver Pituitary Pituitary Liver (mitochondria) Liver... 

The glyceritol phosphate (VI) has the 1-0-phospho-D (that is, 3-0-phos-pho-L) configuration since it is oxidized by Codehydrogenase I ( diphospho-pyridine nucleotide ) in the presence of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (specific toward L-3-glycerophosphate ) to 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone phosphate. 

The oxidation of L-glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate is catalyzed by two different enzymes. One is the cytoplasmic NAD-linked a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, and the other is the mitochondrial enzyme, which appears to contain flavin and iron. The latter enzyme was first studied by Green in 1936 (223). It was shown to be associated with respiratory particles, and widely distributed in animal tissues. The highest concentration of the enzyme was found in the brain. Lardy and co-workers (234) studied the enzyme in deoxycholate-solubilized particles obtained from skeletal muscle, confirmed the finding... 

Mitochondria from the flight muscle of house flies, Mtisca domestica, have been shown to oxidize a-glycerophosphate at exceptionally high rates (233, 234). This activity was shown to be inhibited by EDTA. It is believed that in these and other mitochondria the combined action of the soluble and the particle-bound a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases... 

Flavin-containing a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases have been found also in Streptococcus faecalis ( 44) and Propionibacterium arabinosum (24B). The enzyme from 5. faecalis is reported to contain FAD, have a Km for < -glycerophosphate of 4 mM, and a pH optimum of 5.8. In addition to dyes, this enzyme can interact directly with molecular oxygen to form H2O2. The preparation from P. arabinosum is particle-bound, has a Km for a-glycerophosphate of 26 /lAf, and is claimed to contain flavin and nonheme iron. 

Dichlorophenolindophenol choline dehydrogenase and, 261 cytochrome 6j and, 267 cytochrome P-450 reductase and, 167 a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and,... 

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