Glycerol yeasts

Glycerol Yeast extract Kanamycin B Magnesium acetate Trimethylchlorosilane Triphenylphosphine Sulfuric acid... 

Distilled H2O Fries minimal 4x Glycerol Yeast extract N-Z casein Vitamin solution Yeast nucleic acids Agar... 

Zymase (a mixture) yeast d-glucose, /-fructose alcohol. CO, and small quantities of glycerol 45-6-5... 

Fermentation Feedstock. Sucrose, in the form of beet or cane molasses, is a fermentation feedstock for production of a variety of organic compounds, including lactic, glutamic, and citric acids, glycerol, and some antibiotics. Lesser amounts of itaconic, aconitic, and kojic acids, as well as acetone and butanol, are also produced (41,51—53). Rum is made by fermentation of cane molasses. Beet and cane molasses are used for production of baker s and brewer s yeast (qv). 

The yield was highest with starch or dextrin, intermediate and about the same with sucrose, glucose, maltose and lactose and poorest with glycerol. Kanamycin was produced by media containing soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal, corn steep liquor, peptone, yeast extract or meat extract, with or without sodium nitrate. Commercially available soybean meal was recognized to be one of the best nitrogen sources. The addition of corn steep liquor, peptone, yeast extract or nitrate to the soybean meal promoted the production of kanamycin. 

Beckh, G., Wessel, P., and Lullmarm, C. (2005). Contribution to yeasts and their metabolisms products as natural components of hone—Part 3 Contents of ethanol and glycerol as quality parameters. Dtsch. Lebensm. Rundsch. 101,1-6. 

This enzyme [EC 2.7.1.30], also known as glycerokinase and ATPiglycerol 3-phosphotransferase, catalyzes the reaction of ATP with glycerol to produce ADP and glycerol 3-phosphate. Both glycerone (or, dihydroxyacetone) and L-glyceraldehyde can serve as substrates. The nucleoside triphosphate can be substituted by UTP and, in the case of the yeast enzyme, ITP and GTP. 

The absolute pH range for the growth of most yeasts is 2.4-S.6 with the optimum being about 4.5 (Atkinson and Mavituna, 1983). The specific rate of ethanol production is very sensitive to pH values above 5 and at pH 6 it is only 50% of the maximum value (Jones and Greenfield, 1984). With increasing pH there is a reduction in the yield of ethanol from glucose and a rise in the yields of both glycerol and acetic acid. 

It remains undecided whether the formation of small amounts of glycerol reported by Oppenheimer in the case of zymase extract is due to a ph3rtochemical reduction of trioses. If hexoses are fermented in the presence of trioses with ordinary fresh yeasts which do not attack dihy-droxyacetone and glyceraldehyde, the added trioses are recovered practically unaltered after the disappearance of the hexoses. 

As for the cultivation of other types of marine microorganisms, e.g., those with a specific potential for the production of biologically active metabolites, predominantly small-scale experiments (shake flasks) have been described. Alternatively, artificial seawater or 25 50 75 90% natural seawater has served as a basis for nutrient media. The concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources reached up to 2 % (w/w) starch, glucose, molasses, glycerol, soybean oil, yeast extract, malt extract, beef extract, peptone, cornsteep liquor and NZ-amine. In the absence of artificial or natural seawater, high concentrations of... 

Flammability Values — See Ref 15, p 59 Germicidal Value — As a preservative against bacterial yeast, or mold growth, it showed a close approach to ethanol and was superior to glycerol (Ref 2)... 

Pichiapastoris (a yeast) was inoculated at 1.0 kg dry cells m and cultured in a medium containing 15wt% glycerol (batch culture). The time-dependent concentrations of cells are shown in Table P4.3. 

Yeast cells grew from 19 to 54 kg dry cell m in 7 h. During this period 81 g of glycerol was consumed per 11 of the fermentation broth. Determine the average specific growth rate and the cell yield with respect to glycerol. 

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