Glycerol utilization

Glycerol utilization depends on the tissue. Adipose tissue can t use glycerol. Nitrogen-containing phospholipids are made from diglycerides, while other phospholipids are made from phosphatidic acid (PA). PI = phosphatidylinosi-tol PC = phosphatidylcholine PE = phosphatidylethanolamine PS = phos-phatidylserine. 

Another focal point for glycerol utilization has been in the synthesis of condensation polymers by esterification of glycerol with difunctional comonomers such as aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. In the past, monomers such as glycidol (Sunder et al, 1999), which is a highly reactive epoxide, or cis-1,3-0-benzylideneglycerol (Carnahan and Grinstaff,2001) were used as the glycerol-... 

Rittmaim, D., Lindner, S.N., and Wendisch, V.F. (2008) Engineering of a glycerol utilization pathway for amino acid production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Appl Environ. 

The first part of this chapter is intended to survey recent literature on new catalytic materials because the development of new types of metal oxides and layered- and carbon-based materials with different morphologies opens up novel acid-base catalysis that enables new type of clean reaction technologies. Mechanistic considerations of acid- and base-catalyzed reactions should result in new clean catalytic processes for Green and Sustainable Chemistry, for example, transformations of biorenewable feedstock into value-added chemicals and fuels [21-35]. The latter part of this chapter, therefore, focuses on biomass conversion using solid acid and base catalysts, which covers recent developments on acid-base, one-pot reaction systems for carbon-carbon bond formations, and biomass conversion including synthesis of furfurals from sugars, biodiesel production, and glycerol utilization. 

A stable isotope dilution reference method for total glycerol utilizes the HFB derivative [135). Methods are available for the quantification of platelet activating factor by negative Cl after hydrolysis and pentafluoro-benzoylation [136-138]. 

Figure 14.8 Combined glucose and glycerol utilization pathways for 3-HP production. Enzymes triosephosphate isomerase (fpr) GBP dehydrogenase from S. cerevisiae igpdlSc) G-3-phosphatase from S. cerevisiae igpp2Sc) glycerol dehydratase dhaB) alcohol...

Glycerol utilization in Fusarium oxysporum var. lini regulation of transport and metabolism. J. Gen. Microbiol., 137, 1497-1502. 

Daniel, R., Stuertz, K., Gottschalk, G., 1995. Biochemical conversion and molecular characterization of the oxidative branch of glycerol utilization by Citohacter freundii. Journal of Bacteriology 177,4392-4401. 

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