Glycerol solvent properties

Table 5.2 Comparison of solvent properties of methanol, ethanol and glycerol.

Available data on the permeability of cell membranes are consistent with the view that the vast majority of substances find the major barrier to their trans-membrane movement to be the tightly packed proximal chains of the phospholipid hydrocarbons, together with the cholesterol moieties and the glycerol backbone. This region has solvent properties well modelled by the less non-polar organic solvents (ether and even w-octanol). The data reveal a steep mass selectivity (three to six power inverse dependence of intramembrane diffusion coefficient on molecular... 

This section is based on Ref. [69] and will describe the structure of monoglycerol-based nonionic surfactant micelles in n-alkanes. The effects of solvent properties, temperature, the alkyl chain length of surfactant, surfactant concentrahon, and added water or glycerol will be mainly discussed. The glycerol a-monomyristate (G14G1) is taken as the main surfactant. 

This chapter has shown a possible route to the free structural control of glycerol-based nonionic surfactants reverse micelles, and it is found that the solvent properties, temperature, composition, chain length of surfactant and headgroup size, and water can be the tunable parameters for the structural variation of reverse micelles. 

The success of aqueous techniques in catalysis initiated approaches that mimic their advantageous features while resolving immanent flaws of aqueous chemistry. Polyols (ethylene glycol, glycerol, etc.) and formamide resemble water in many aspects including solvent properties, immiscibility with hydrophobic liquids, and ability to support micel-lization and solubilization phenomena. Such liquids (e.g., ethylene glycol) are often used as a substitute for water in phase-separation techniques (biphasic, supported liquid phase. 

Sodium iodide crystallizes ia the cubic system. Physical properties are given ia Table 1 (1). Sodium iodide is soluble ia methanol, ethanol, acetone, glycerol, and several other organic solvents. SolubiUty ia water is given ia Table 2. 

Physical Properties. Anhydrous sodium sulfite [7757-83-7] Na2S02, is an odorless, crystalline soHd and most commercial grades other than by-product materials are colorless or off-white (331—334). It melts only with decomposition. The specific gravity of the pure soHd is 2.633 (15.4°C). Sodium sulfite is quite soluble in water. It has a maximum solubiHty of 28 g/100 g sol at 33.4°C at higher and lower temperatures, it is less soluble in water. Below this temperature, the heptahydrate crystallizes above this temperature, the anhydrous salt crystallizes. Sodium sulfite is soluble in glycerol but insoluble in alcohol, acetone, and most other organic solvents. 

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