Glycerol ester hydrolase

Tunicamycin and 2-deoxy-D-arahino-hexose interfere with the expression of lipase (glycerol-ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) in cultured, mesenchymal rat-heart cells. The causes of inhibition were not inves-... 

Oterholm, A., Ordal, Z.J. Witter, L.D. 1970. Purification and properties of glycerol ester hydrolase (lipase) from Propionibacterium shermanii. Appl. Microbiol. 20, 16-22. 

Butter Flavors. Technologies for the hydrolysis of butter fat to produce and concentrate the free fatty acids to enhance the butter flavor of products have been available for decades. More recently, biotechnologists have developed methods for producing a variety of fairly pure enzymes, economically and in large quantities. The increased availability of lipases (glycerol ester hydrolases) from microbial... 

The Report of the Commission on Enzymes of the International Union of Biochemistry (7) describes the systematic name of a lipase as a glycerol ester hydrolase and this definition will be used in the present review. It should be borne in mind, however, that this precise definition can afiFect the interpretation of much published work on lipases. ... 

Synonyms Glycerol ester hydrolase Triacetinase Triacyl glycerol lipase Tributyrase Tributyrinase Tributyrin esterase Triglyceride hydroiase Triglyceride lipase Triolein hydrolase Definition Digestive enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides... 

The most important and typical enzymes that function at lipid-water interfaces in micelles, liposomes, emulsions, etc., are lipases. Lipases are carboxylic ester hydrolases and have been termed glycerol ester hydrolases (EC3.1.1.3) in the international system of classification. They differ greatly as regards both their origins (bacterial, fungal, plant, mammalian, etc.) and their properties, and they can catalyze the synthesis as well as the hydrolysis of a wide range of different carboxylic esters. Numerous reports have appeared about the structure and function of pancreatic lipases, because they are ubiquitous in mammalian species and play important roles in dietary fat absorption [29,30]. In this part, I will describe a structural feature and its relation to catalytic mechanism at the interfaces of lipases, particularly pancreatic lipases. 

The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (lUBMB) defines lipases as glycerol-ester hydrolases and recommends that ester mulsion should be used as the substrate. The first lipase use was investigated by Claude Bernard in 1856. He studied the role of pancreas juice in fat digestion (Petersen and Drabl0s, 1994). This is a distinct feature of lipases, commonly referred to as an interface activation. Besides the interface action, lipases can also work in bulk solutions. That, however, is at lower activity levels compared to those at the interfaces (Reetz, 2002 Taipa et al., 1992 Weete et al., 2008). The kinetics of a lipase-activated reaction, therefore, are described by interfacial activation kinetics rather than the well-known Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Sarda and Desnuelle, 1958). This phenomenon is further explained in Section 2.3.3. 

Lipase (Glycerol ester hydrolase, E.C. 3.1.1.3) Isolated from dormant and germinating seeds of the tenera fruit type showed activity in the extracts of whole sprouted seed and the various parts studies during germination. 

Lipases (EC3.1.1.3) are glycerol ester hydrolases, they can catalyze the hydrolysis of triacyglycerols into free fatty acids, partial acylglycerols and glycerol [63].Lipase was found to exert chitosanolytic activity. Although Pantaleone et al first found that the lipase from two... 

Gastric lipase and pancreatic lipase are the two major triacylglyceride ester hydrolases (EC 3,1.1.3) in mammals, but they probably have no effect on the recently introduced synthetic poly glycerol esters used as emulsifiers in food and as dietetic aids (Fig, 1),... 

In some cases, the kinetic resolution of racemic primary and secondary alcohols was feasible. On the one hand, the enantioselectivity of glycosidases involving the glycosylation of primary alcohol moieties in 1,2-propanediol, glycerol or glycidol was negligible [1695, 1696], however, better results were obtained for sec-alcohols (Table 2.12). This fact is understandable if one considers the rules for chiral recognition for carboxyl ester hydrolases (Sects. 2.1.3.1 and 2.1.3.2),... 

Lipase—a hydrolase that catalyzes the breakup of ester linkages between a fatty acid and glycerol, within triglycerides and phospholipids. 

The process of triacylglycerol hydrolysis is a complex phenomenon that involves at least three lipases, lipid droplet associated proteins, and FABPs, although other adipocyte lipases (i.e., triacylglycerol hydrolase) may play a role in basal lipolysis. The data at this time support the model that three lipases are the major contributors to adipocyte lipolysis. Complete hydrolysis of triacylglycerol involves the hydrolysis of three ester bonds to liberate three fatty acids and a glycerol moiety. ATGL catalyzes hydrolysis of the first... 

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