Glycosamino-glycans

L-Fucosamine was found as a constituent of Pneumococcus Type V capsular polysaccharide and as a constituent of the mucopolysaccharides (glycosamino-glycans) of certain enteric bacteria A new synthesis was devised to make the amino sugar more available. 

Miura RO, Yamagata S, Miura Y, Harada T, Yamagata T (1995) Analysis of glycosamino-glycan-degrading enzymes by substrate gel electrophoresis (zymography) Anal Biochem 225 333-340... 

Hyaluronate (a glycosamino-glycan) Hetero- acidic 4)GlcA(/31—>3) GlcNAc(j31 Up to 100,000 Structural in vertebrates, extracellular matrix of skin and connective tissue viscosity and lubrication in joints... 

Very useful manual for analysis of all types of sugar-containing molecules—monosaccharides, polysaccharides and glycosamino-glycans, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycolipids. 

A method based on the epimerization of 40 was used for the preparation of the L-iduronic acid derivative 60, a synthon for making glycosamino-glycan fragments.174... 

Charge selectivity is probably mediated mainly by the polyanionic glycosamino-glycans present in the glomerular basement membrane (C5, G6). This barrier restricts mostly the movement of relatively small polyanionic proteins (molecular weight 70-150 kDa), mainly albumin. Loss of charge selectivity is believed to be the main cause of albuminuria (selective proteinuria) in minimal change disease (B10). 

B6. Beilin, M. E., Ax, R. L., Laufer, N., Tarlatzis, B. C., DeCherney, A. H., et al., Glycosamino-glycans in follicular fluid from women undergoing in vitro fertilization and their relationship to cumulus expansion, fertilization, and development. Fertil. Steril. 45, 244—248 (1986). 

Rhee [5] prepared crosslinkable macromolecules containing collagens, (III), and glycosamino-glycans using a bi-succinimidyl intermediate, (IV) the macromolecules were then used in biomaterial compositions. 

Arumalon (Rumalon) (SEDA-14, 440) is a glycosamino-glycan-peptide complex, a chondroprotective agent containing a watery extract of cartilage and an extract of the red bone marrow of calves. Parenteral use has been associated with local reactions at the site of the injection and with allergic symptoms (such as fever, malaise, sjmp-toms of pronounced inflammation, nephrotic syndrome). Polymyositis and fatal dermatomyositis are also alleged to be associated with it. 

Fransson L-A (1985) Mammalian glycosamino-glycans. In Aspinall GO (ed) The polysaccharides, vol 3. Academic Press, Orlando, Honda, chap 5... 

Key Words Vaccimium myritillus glycosamino glycans cancer prevention vascular permeability visual acuity. 

Sulfate can be converted to the sulfate donor compound 3 -phosphoadenosine-5 -phosphosulfate (PAPS) in a two-step reaction (Figure 17-17). PAPS participates in the sulfate esterification of alcoholic and phenolic functional groups (e.g., in synthesis of sulfolipids and glycosamino-glycans). 

The abbreviations PG and GAG are frequently used for proteoglycan and glycosamino-glycan, respectively, but these have not as yet been accepted as standard abbreviations by the major journals or by the terminology committee of the International Union of Biochemistry. Similarly the abbreviations HA for hyaluronan, CS for chondroitin sulfate, DS for dermatan sulfate, HS for heparan sulfate and KS for keratan sulfate are frequently used but have not as yet been accepted as standard abbreviations. 

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