Glutamic-alanine transaminase

This enzyme [EC 2.6.1.2], also known as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-alanine transaminase, catalyzes the pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent reaction of alanine with 2-ketoglutarate, resulting on the production of pyruvate and glutamate. 2-Aminobutanoate will also react, albeit slowly. There is another alanine aminotransferase [EC 2.6.1.12], better known as alanine-oxo-acid aminotransferase, which catalyzes the pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent reaction of alanine and a 2-keto acid to generate pyruvate and an amino acid. See also Alanine Glyoxylate Aminotransferase... 

Glutamic—pyruvic transaminase. Glutamic—alanine transaminase. 

Glutamic-alanine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.12) Bulos Handler, 1965 Cooper, 1985... 

SGPT (ALT) Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (alanine TG Triglyceride... 

Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), now frequently referred to as alanine aminotransferase (ALT)... 

As examples, two enzymes that will be discussed again later in this chapter are alanine transaminase (alanine aminotransferase) and aspartate transaminase (aspartate aminotransferase). In both cases, the amino group is transferred to 2-oxoglutarate (also known as a-ketoglutarate), which is oxoacid, above, forming glutamate as amino acid2. For example, the alanine transaminase (ALT) reaction is ... 

ALT = alanine aminotransferase (newer name) GPT - glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (older name) AST = aspaitate aminotransferase (newer name) GOT = glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (older name)... 

Aminotransferases have received many names as fashions in nomenclature have changed. Two obsolete names are still used in chnical practice glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (abbreviated to GOT) is now aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) is now alanine aminotransferase. The new abbreviations are AST and ALT, respectively. 

GPT glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (serum alanine amino... 

ALT alanine transaminase alanine aminotransferase previously known as SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase). 

Reaction (20.12) is catalyzed by glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), also known as alanine aminotransferase, and Equation (20.13) is catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase. Note that these reactions are completely reversible. The reverse of deamination, for example, if one wanted to synthesize alanine from ammonia and pyruvate, is amination. 

Alanine transferase (ALT) (formerly known as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase SCOT)... 

L-Lactic acid, in the presence of NAD, is oxidised to pyruvate in a reaction catalysed L-lactate deshydrogenase (l-LDH). The equilibrium of the reaction is forced in the direction of the products by the elimination of pyruvate by reacting it with L-glutamate, resulting in the formation of L-alanine. This reaction is catalysed by glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GPT) ... 

EC 2.6.1.2 Alanine transaminase alanine+ketoglutarate=pyruvate+glutamate... 

E-7) SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase), more recently called ALT (alanine aminotransferase), acts at diis step. Both names make sense, depending on which way you read the chemical reaction. This enzyme is especially concentrated in the liver it leaks out of the liver cell and rises in the serum with liver damage, as in hepatitis and mononucleosis. It does not significantly increase in myocardial infarction and, hence, the test is more specific than SGOT for liver disease. 

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