Glucosinolates in broccoli

RODRIGUES A s and rosa e a s (1999) Effect of post-harvest treatments on the level of glucosinolates in broccoli , J Sci Food Agric, 79 1028-32. 

HANSEN M and moller p (1995) Glucosinolates in broccoli stored under controlled-atmosphere ,/d er ca Soc Horticultural Sci, 120 1069-74. 

Tian Q, Rosselot RA, Schwartz SJ (2005) Quantitative determination of intact glucosinolates in broccoli, broccoli sprouts, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower by high-performance hquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 343 93-99... 

Faulkner K, Mithen R, Williamson G. Selective increase of the potential anticarcinogen 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinolate in broccoli. Carcinogenesis 1998 19 605-609. 

Glucoraphanin, the main glucosinolate in broccoli and cauliflower young sprouts, can be readily converted in their derived isothiocyanates (sulforaph-ane, raphanin) (Fig. 28). 

Hanschen F.S., Rohn S., Mewis 1., Schreiner M., Kroh L.W. Influence of the chemical structure on the thermal degradation ofthe glucosinolates in broccoli sprouts. Food Chemistry, 130 1-8 (2012). 

Carlson DG, Daxenbichler ME, Van Etten CH, et al. 1987. Glucosinolates in Cruciferous vegetables broccoli, sprouts, cauliflower, collards, kale, mustard greens, and kohlrabi. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 112(1) 173-178. 

A related glucosinolate glucoraphanin is found in broccoli, and is associated with beneficial medicinal properties of this vegetable. This is hydrolysed to the isothiocyanate sulforaphane, which is believed to induce carcinogen-detoxifying enzyme systems. 

Isothiocyanates ( mustard oils ) and their glucosinolate precursors are widely distributed in higher plants, especially among cruciferous vegetables, and it has been established recently that sulforaphane, found in various species and particularly in broccoli, is the major source of their anticarcinogenic action [181]. 

Figure 7.2 Distribution pattern of major glucosinolates in various vegetables belonging to Brassica oleracea. Fresh samples of the edible part of the vegetable were freeze-dried and analyzed for glucosinolate content by previously published methods. Data are mean pmols glucosinolate/g dry weight vegetable 50 varieties of broccoli, 4 varieties of Brussels sprouts, 6 varieties of cabbage, 3 varieties of cauliflower, and 2 varieties of kale.

Table 7.1 Concentration ranges of the major glucosinolates in 50 varieties of broccoli and their bioactive hydrolysis products. ...

Eylen, D., Bellostas, N., Strobel, B.W., Oey, I., Hendrickx, M., Loey, A., Sprensen, H., and Sprensen, J.C. 2009. Influence of pressure/temperature treatments on glucosinolate conversion in broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. cv Italica) heads. Food Chemistry 112 646—653. 

Fig. 1 Pleiotropic consequences inherent in Broccoli breeding. A theoretical shift of broccoli towards either the nitrile (left) or isothiocyanate (right) breakdown structure of 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate is shown. The consequences of fliis breeding decision on human desirability of the crop (taste, cancer and H. pylori) and on the crops biotic resistance both direct (generalist herbivore) and indirect (wasp attraction) are shown...

Carlson, D.G., Daxenbichler, M.E., Van Etten, C.H. et al. (1987b) Glucosinolates in crucifer vegetables broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflowers, collard, kale, mustard greens and kohlrabi. /. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci, 112, 173-179. 

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