Gluconate complexes

Sodium ferric gluconate complex 61 Sodium Polystyrene 61 Solu-Cortef 40 Solu-Medrol 48 Soma 21... 

Iron-gluconate complexes are sufficiently stable not to cause iron toxicity (in contrast to Fe aq, Fe aq, and complexes of low stability) and are safe and effective in hemodialysis. " There is information on iron transfer between gluconate and transferrin. Dithionite releases Fe + from gluconate. ... 

The dosage of sodium ferric gluconate complex is expressed in milligrams of elemental iron. Each 5 mL ampule contains 62.5 mg elemental iron (12.5 mg/mL). 

Sodium ferric gluconate complex has been administered at sequential dialysis sessions by infusion or by slow IV injection during the dialysis session itself. 

Admixture incompatibility The compatibility of sodium ferric gluconate complex with IV infusion vehicles other than 0.9% sodium chloride has not been evaluated. 

Pharmacology Sodium ferric gluconate complex in sucrose injection is a stable macromolecular complex used to replete the total body content of iron. 

Metaboiism/Excretion-The terminal elimination half-life for drug bound iron was approximately 1 hour, varying by dose but not by rate of administration. Total clearance was 3.02 to 5.35 L/h. In vitro, less than 1 % of the iron species within sodium ferric gluconate complex can be dialyzed through membranes with pore sizes corresponding to 12,000 to 14,000 daltons over a period of up to 270 minutes. 

All anemias not associated with iron deficiency hypersensitivity to sodium ferric gluconate complex or any of its inactive components evidence of iron overload. 

Hypersensitivity reactions Serious hypersensitivity reactions have been rarely reported. One case of a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction has been observed in a patient who received a single dose of sodium ferric gluconate complex in a postmarketing study. Three serious hypersensitivity reactions have been reported from the spontaneous reporting system. 

Children Safety and efficacy have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 6 years of age. Sodium ferric gluconate complex contains benzyl alcohol therefore, do not use in neonates. 

Iron overload Unnecessary therapy with parenteral iron will cause excess storage of iron with consequent possibility of iatrogenic hemosiderosis. Do not administer sodium ferric gluconate complex to patients with iron overload. 

Sodium ferric gluconate complex administered to patients during dialysis may cause transient hypotension. Administration may augment hypotension caused by dialysis. 

Adults - Adverse reactions experienced by at least 5% of patients receiving sodium ferric gluconate complex include the following abdominal pain, abnormal erythrocytes, asthenia, chest pain, cramps, diarrhea, dizziness, dyspnea, fatigue, fever, generalized edema, headache, hyperkalemia, hypertension, hypotension, injection-site reaction, leg cramps, nausea, pain, paresthesias, pruritus, syncope, tachycardia, upper respiratory tract infection, vomiting. 

Ferrous Gluconate Complex (Ferriecit) [Iron Supplement]... 

The challenge with parenteral iron therapy is that parenteral administration of inorganic free ferric iron produces serious dose-dependent toxicity, which severely limits the dose of that can be administered. However, when the ferric iron is formulated as a colloid containing particles with a core of iron oxyhydroxide surrounded by a core of carbohydrate, bioactive iron is released slowly from the stable colloid particles. In the USA, the three available forms of parenteral iron are iron dextran, sodium ferric gluconate complex, and iron sucrose. 

Sodium ferric gluconate complex and iron-sucrose complex are alternative parenteral iron preparations. These agents can be given only by the intravenous route. They appear to be less likely than high-molecular-weight iron dextran to cause hypersensitivity reactions. 

Iron dextran, iron sucrose complex, and sodium ferric gluconate complex Parenteral preparations can cause hypersensitivity reactions ... 

Parenteral (Iron dextran) (InFeD, DexFerrum) 50 mg elemental iron/mL Parenteral (Sodium ferric gluconate complex) (Ferrlecit) 12.5 mg elemental iron/mL Parenteral (Iron sucrose) (Venofer) 20 mg elemental iron/mL Oprelvekin (IL-11) (Neumega)... 

Srinivasan, B. 1983. "Waste Treatment of Heavy-Metal/Gluconate Complexes." AES Symposium on Cleaning- Pickling and Etching. American Electroplaters Society, Inc. Winter Park, FL... 

Gluconates. — Kostronina [145] investigated the formation of mono-and 6 -gluconate complexes of the rare earths by a potentiometric method. The log k values obtained for these complexes (/i = 0.2 at 25° C) are as follows... 

The present paper summarizes the oxidation-reduction chemistry of the gluconate complexes of Mn(II), Mn(III), and Mn(IV) in alkaline media. Electrochemical, spectrophotometric, and magnetic susceptibility measurements have been used to establish the formulas and chemical characteristics of the complexes. The oxidation-reduction chemistry for the manganese complexes formed by other ligands with polyhydroxyl functions also has been determined. 

The reactions of the several manganese gluconate complexes with molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide have been studied in terms of stoichiometry and reaction kinetics. Reaction mechanisms are proposed on the basis of the kinetic data. In addition, the thermodynamic and mechanistic characteristics of an ideal model system for photosystem-II are analyzed and evaluated. 

Figure 2. Absorption spectra for 5mF manganese gluconate complexes in...

The oxidation-reduction chemistry of the manganese-gluconate complexes can be expressed by Reactions 6-8. 

Table I. Magnetic Moments of Manganese Gluconate Complexes from the NMR Method of Evans (56)...

Figure 5. Concentrations of product species as a function of time for the reaction of 5mF Mn(II) gluconate in 0.1 F NaGHk and 0.3F NaOH with 02 at 1 atm. A and B represent the bis and tris gluconate complexes of Mn(lll),...

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