Gluco corticosteroids

Rifampicin is a potent inducer of cytochrome P450 enzymes and thus can diminish the activity of a multitude of other agents such as warfarin, gluco-corticosteroids, cyclosporin, oral contraceptives and sulphonylurea-type oral antidiabetic agents. 

Allergic and pseudoallergic reactions induced by gluco-corticosteroids a review. Curr Pharm Des 2003 9 1956-64. 

King, S.J., Miller, H.R., Newlands, G.F. and Woodbury, R.G. (1985). Depletion of mucosal mast cell protease by gluco-corticosteroids effect on intestinal anaphylaxis in the rat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 1214-1218. 

Ekiz-Guecer, N., Reisch, J., and Nolte, G., 1991, Photostability of cross-conjugated gluco-corticosteroids in the crystal state, Em J. Pharm. Biopharm. 37, 234-237. 

Renoir, J. M., Mercier-Bodard, C., Hoffmann, K., Le Bihan, S., Ning, Y. M., Sanchez, E. R., Handschumacher, R. E., and Baulieu, E. E. (1995). Cyclosporin A potentiates the dexametha-sone-induced mouse mammary tumor virus-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in LMCAT cells A possible role for different heat shock protein-binding immunophilins in gluco-corticosteroid receptor-mediated gene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92,4977 981. 

Although a conclusion on the site of action of gluco-corticosteroids in gluconeogenesis must remain tentative, data available indicate that the effect of the hormone is localized between pyruvate and triose phosphate. Therefore, it is relevant that the administration of corticosteroids in vivo increased the activity of phos-phoenolpyruvic and possibly of pyruvic carboxylase. 

A previously unrecognized pharmacological event, i.e. acute tolerance to the vasoconstrictive action of topically applied gluco-corticosteroids in human skin, has been reported by du Vivier and Staughton (8 ). 

Harnack, K. (1978) [Synacthen-depot-an equivalent to systemic gluco-corticosteroid therapy]. Dermatologische Monatsschrift, 164,382-389. 

Inhaled steroids (commonly used are beclomethasone, budesonide, triamcinolone, fluticasone, flunisolide) appear to attenuate the inflammatory response, to reduce bronchial hyperreactivity, to decrease exacerbations and to improve health status they may also reduce the risk of myocar dial infar ction, but they do not modify the longterm decline in lung function. Whether- steroids affect mortality remains unclear. Many patients appear to be resistant to steroids and large, long-term trials have shown only limited effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid ther apy. Certainly, the benefit from steroids is smaller in COPD than in asthma. Topical side-effects of inhaled steroids are oropharyngeal candidiasis and hoarse voice. At the normal doses systemic side-effects of inhaled steroids have not been firmly established. The current recommendation is that the addition of inhaled gluco-coiticosteroids to bronchodilator treatment is appropriate for patients with severe to veiy sever e COPD. 

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