Glazing history

Pharmaceutical Applications. Sucrose has a long history in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It imparts body to symps and medicinal hquids and masks unpleasant tastes. Sucrose also functions as a diluent to control dmg concentrations in medicines, as an ingredient binder for tablets, and to impart chewiness to the latter. Sustained-release medications and protective tablet glazes are prepared using sucrose (41). Sucrose-based sugar pastes are used to promote wound healing (58). 

The history of lead is almost as ancient as that of tin. In Roman times, lead was formed into pipes that were used for water supplies (hence our word plumbing, derived from the same Latin word, plumbum, that gives us the s Tnbol Pb). Lead is a component of pewter and also was used as a glaze on drinking vessels. White lead, ... 

Kleinmann, B. (1986), History and development of early Islamic pottery glazes, in Olin, J. S. and M. K. Blackman, Proc. 24th Int. Archaeometry Symp., 1984, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC, pp. 73-84. 

Ceramics have a very long history. Rocks, which are natural ceramic materials, served as the earliest tools. Later, clay vessels dried in the sun or baked in fires served as containers for food and water. These early vessels were crude and quite porous. With the discovery of glazing, which probably occurred about 3000 B.c. in Egypt, pottery became more serviceable as well as more beautiful. Prized porcelain is essentially the same material as crude earthenware, but specially selected clays and glazings are used for porcelain, which is also fired at a very high temperature. 

FIGURE 2.4 The flow of ceramic history illustrates the mainstreams of earthenware, terra cotta, and stoneware, of triaxial hard-paste porcelain, of quartz-based bodies, and of tin-glazed ware. Some important shaping and decorative techniques are illustrated, but the diagram is far from complete. 

Strahan, D. (2001) Uranium in glass, glazes and enamels History, identification and handling, Studies Conservation 46, 181. 

Onoda, G.Y. and Hench, L.L. (1978) Ceramic Processing Before Firing, WUey-lnterscience, New York. Peterson, S. (2003) The Craft and Art of Clay, 4th edition. The Overlook Press, Woodstock, NY. Much more than shaping glazes, kilns, design, history. 

There is a long history of human exposure to abnormally elevated levels of lead in food and drink due to practices such as cooking in lead-lined or lead-glazed pots and the supply of water through lead pipes [1]. Also, some communities living in areas of lead mineralization are exposed to higher levels of lead... 

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