Glassware Handling

Broken, chipped, or cracked glassware should never be used. 

Fire polish or use abrasive cloth to smooth the edges of all glass tubing before use. A wire 

Inserting glass tubing, rods, or thermometers into stoppers is very hazardous and the following 

Large flasks or beakers must be supported by the base as well as the side or neck when they are full. 

When heating materials in glassware with an open flame, the glass must be protected from the flame through use of a wire gauze. 

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Acetone can be handled safely if common sense precautions are taken. It should be used in a weU-ventilated area, and because of its low flash point, ignition sources should be absent. Flame will travel from an ignition source along vapor flows on floors or bench tops to the point of use. Sinks should be rinsed with water while acetone is being used to clean glassware, to prevent the accumulation of vapors. If prolonged or repeated skin contact with acetone could occur, impermeable protective equipment such as gloves and aprons should be worn. 

A reaction was believed to be thermally neutral, as no rise in temperature was observed in the laboratory. No cooling was provided on the pilot plant, and the first batch developed a runaway. Fortunately the relief valve was able to handle it. Subsequent research showed that the reaction developed 2 watts/kg/°C. Laboratory glassware has a heat loss of 3-6 watts/kg/°C, so no rise in temperature occurred. On the 2.5-m3 pilot plant reactor, the heat loss w as only 0.5 watt/kg/°C [21]. Reference 22 lists heat losses and cooling rates for vessels of various sizes. 

Use caution and the proper equipment when handling hot apparatus or glassware. Hot glass looks the same as cool glass. 

System Suitability System suitability refers to the validation of all components of an analysis system taken as a unit, a "system." For example, the analysis of an environmental water for pesticide residue involves a "method," which includes sampling (must represent the water in question), sample handling (e.g., what container is appropriate), sample preparation (perhaps an extraction process that includes the glassware, technique, timing, etc.), standards preparation (pipets, flasks, technique, etc.), injection technique, the instrument, and data handling (computer hardware and soft-... 

There is usually no problem of access to basic laboratory instruments and associated glassware, however, the only means of handling large numbers of tests is to apply some form of automation. An added advantage is that it improves the analytical precision and reproducibility. The most suitable technique has been based on the segmented continuous-flow principle invented by Skeggs (1957), and which was first marketed as the Technicon AutoAnalyzer. The system consists of a number of modules powered from a stabilized 110 V supply, and a typical layout is shown in Fig. 1.1. 

CAUTION Neat diethylzinc may ignite on exposure to air and reacts violently vi/ith water. It must be handled and reacted under nitrogen. The reaction solvent must be dhed and distilled prior to use and all glassware and syringes must be thoroughly dried. 

The parent azocine (91) was isolated at —190 °C from flash vacuum pyrolysis of diazabas-ketene (90) (71JA3817). The compound, which must be handled in KOH-coated glassware, decomposes at -50 °C to colored tarry material. Characterization was by mass spectrum (m/e 107), NMR spectrum (see 91) and conversion with potassium in liquid ammonia to a dianion, which on quenching and hydrogenation gave azocane in low yield. 

Safe handling of laboratory glassware Safety showers and eye washes Technique of solid sample handling for IR spectroscopy... 

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