Glass matrix composites carbon fiber reinforced

Treadway WK, Prewo KM, Pantano CG, Fiber-matrix interfacial effects in carbon fiber reinforced glass matrix composites. Carbon, 27, 717, 1989. 

Poly[2,2 -(m-phenylene-5,5 -benzimidazole)] (PBI) is a very high glass transition temperature (Tg 430°C), commercially available material. It possesses excellent mechanical properties, but is difficult to process into large parts and has high moisture regain and poor thermo-oxidative stability at temperatures above approximately 260 °C. Polyimides, especially the thermoplastic polyimides, offer attractive thermo-oxidative stability and processibility, but often lack the thermal and mechanical characteristics necessary to perform in applications such as the matrix for high use-temperature (over 300 °C) structural composites (for example, carbon fiber reinforced) for aerospace use. The attempt to mitigate... 

Engineering thermoplastics have also been used in preimpregnated constructions. The thermoplastic is thoroughly dispersed as a continuous phase in glass, other resins, carbon fibers (qv), or other reinforcement. Articles can be produced from these constructions using thermoforming techniques. For example, the aerospace industry uses polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in woven carbon-fiber tapes (26). Experimental uses of other composite constructions have been reported (27) (see also COMPOSITE MATERIALS, POLYMER-MATRIX). 

Carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites also find some important applications. Carbon is an excellent high temperature material when used in an inert or nonoxidizing atmosphere. In carbon fiber reinforced ceramics, the matrix may be carbon or some other glass or ceramic. Unlike other nonoxide ceramics, carbon powder is nonsinterable. Thus, the carbon matrix is generally obtained from pitch or phenolic resins. Heat treatment decomposes the pitch or phenolic to carbon. Many pores are formed during this conversion from a hydrocarbon to carbon. Thus, a dense and strong pore-free carbon/carbon composite is not easy to fabricate. 

Qui, D., and Pantano, C.G., Sol-gel processing of carbon fiber-reinforced glass matrix, in Ultrastructure Processing of Ceramics, Glasses and Composites, J.D. Mackenzie and D.R. Ulrich, Eds., John Wiley Sons, New York, 1987. 

The onset of the Tg is near 175°C. This composite, which is 45° carbon-fiber-reinforced, shows a dynamic storage modulus of the epoxy matrix in the glassy-state of ca. 15 GPa. At the onset of the glass-to-rubber transition (see Figure 6), the modulus drops gradually from 15 GPa (175°C) to about 3 GPa (300°C) as the rubbery plateau is reached. 

R Y. Leung, S. T. Gonczy, G. T. Stanford, C. E. Southern, D. M. Lipkin, Near-Net Shape Formability and Fibrous Fracture in Glass Matrix Composites Reinforced with Continuous Ceramic Fibers, NASA Conference Publication 3097, Proceedings ofthe 14th Conference on Metal Matrix, Carbon, and Ceramic Matrix... 

P. M. Benson, K. E. Spear and C. G. Pantano, Thermochemical Analysis of Interface Reactions in Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Glass Matrix Composites, in Ceramic Microstructures 86. Role of Interfaces, ed. by J. A. Pask and A. G. Evans, Plenum Press, New York (1987) 415 25. 

Early work with reinforcement of glass matrices with carbon fiber was undertaken by Crivelli-Visconti and Cooper [90] and workers at Harwell—Bowen, Briggs, Phillips and Sambell [91-97]— who demonstrated a significant improvement in toughness, but the composites produced were rather porous, exhibiting a poor bond between the carbon fiber and glass matrix. 

Benson PM, Spear KE, CG Pantano, Thermochemical analysis of interface reactions in carbon-fiber reinforced glass matrix composites, JA Pask, Evans AG, eds.. Ceramic Microstructures 86 -Role of Interfaces, Plenum Press, New York, 415, 1987. 

Bianchi V, Goursat P, Menessier E, Carbon-fiber-reinforced YMAS glass-ceramic-matrix composites - IV. Thermal residual stresses and fiber/matrix interfaces, Composites Sci Technol, 58(3-1), 409-418, 1998. 

Boccaccini and Gevorkian have advocated carbon fiber reinforced glass matrix composites as self lubricating materials for wear appKcations in a vacuum [242]. 

Taking into account (i) that the width of the transcrystalline layers in this particular case is much smaller than that of the well studied transcrystalline layers in glass and carbon fibers reinforced PP and other polymer matrix composites [93-96], and (ii) the superior mechanical properties profile of the samples of MFCs from LDPE/PET blend [49], at least in this particular case one can assume a positive effect of the transcrystalline layers regarding the mechanical properties profile. 

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