Glass fibre reinforced cement 306 durability

Bentur, A., Ben-Bassat, M., Schneider, D., 1985. Durability of glass fibre reinforced cements with different alkali resistant glass fibres. Journal of American Ceramic Society, 68(4), pp. 203-208. 

Glinicki, M. A. (1999) Brittleness Mechanisms and the Durability of Glass Fibre Reinforced Cement Composites (in Polish). Inst, of Fund. Techn. Res., Report... 

Rajczyk, K., Giergiczny, E., Glinicki, M. A. (1997) The influence of pozzolanic materials on the durability of glass fibre reinforced cement composites , in Brittle Matrix Composites 5, A. M. Brandt, V. C. Li and I. H. Marshall eds, Cambridge and Warsaw Woodhead Publishing-Bigraf, pp. 103-12. 

Accelerated testing was applied for glass-fibre-reinforced cements to study the durability of such systems. It has been shown by Purnell and Beddows (2005) that different regimes should be selected for different matrices, for example a temperature over +65°C is not appropriate for matrices with metakaolin, and hot water in general should not be used for polymer-modified matrices because the results may considerably overestimate their durability. 

Extensive effort in research and technology led to positive results concerning the durability of glass fibre reinforced cement elements. A combination of modifications in the matrix composition and an improvement of the properties of the fibres enabled the use these composites for their long term durability (cf. also Section 5.3). For example, glass fibre reinforced cement thin plates are used as elements of partition walls, which may be subjected to accidental impact. 

A. Bentur, Mechanisms of potential embrittlement and strength loss of glass fibre reinforced cement composites , in S. Diamond (ed.) Proceeding- Durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Symposium, Prestressed Concrete Institute, Chicago, IL, 1986, pp. 109-123. 

The combination of local flexure, flexibility of the reinforcing unit and the density and tightness of the matrix grip around the fibre is significant in controlling the durability of brittle fibre systems, especially glass fibre reinforced cement [52,82], and this will be further discussed in Chapter 5. 

The change in properties by which the durability performance should be assessed must include strength as well as toughness. The choice of accelerated ageing conditions is important, and depends on the particular composite. For example, ageing in hot water was found to be appropriate for glass fibre reinforced cements... 

A. Bentur, Durability of carbonated glass fibre reinforced cement composites , Durab. Bldg. Mater. 1,1983, 313-326. 

J. Bijen, Durability of some glass fibre reinforced cement composites , Amer. Conor. Inst J. 80,1983, 305-311. 

In several applications, the Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum (GFRG) may replace the glass fibre cement composites, which, in spite of many attempts and techniques, have more or less limited durability (cf. Section 5.3). It is lightweight with a density between 1600 and 1800 kg/m, may be easily adapted to various shapes, is inexpensive and has flexural strength between 20 and 30 MPa and tensile strength 8-10 MPa. 

Purnell, P., Beddows, J. (2005) Durability and simulated ageing of new matrix glass fibre reinforced concrete . Cement and Concrete Composites T7-. 875-84. 

Standardized accelerated tests are useful for carrying out comparative tests of different composite materials. It is easier to determine which material is better than to forecast its effective durability. For example, it is believed that freeze-thaw tests as imposed by ASTM (2003) or other standardization institutions could ensure acceptable durability of cement-based materials in natural conditions during their lifetime in the climate of Northern America and Central Europe, even if the validity of simulation of natural conditions is doubtful. The possibility of using accelerated tests for glass-fibre-reinforced composites are discussed in Chapter 4. 

J.l. Daniels and D.M. Schultz, Long term strength durability of glass fibre reinforced concrete , in R.N. Swamy, R.L. Wagstaffe and D.R. Oakley (eds) Developments in Fibre Reinforced Cement and Concrete, Proc. RILEM Symp. Sheffield, RILEM Technical Committee 49-FTR, 1986, Paper 7.4. 

Romualdi first proposed fibres as dispersed reinforcement for concrete in his two papers in 1963 and 1964. Later on, Biryukovichs proposed the employment of glass fibres into concrete, which were originally not resistant and durable in the highly alkaline Portland cement paste. It was Majumdar and Ryder (1968) who invented the alkali-resistant (AR) glass fibres with the addition of zirconium oxide (Brandt, 2008). 

B. Singh and A.J. Majumdar, The effect of fibre length and content on the durability of glass reinforced cement - ten year results , J. Mat Sci. Letters A, 1985, 967-971. 

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