Glass fermentors

The pH of the latter nutrient medium is adjusted to 7.5 with ION sodium hydroxide solution and is placed in a 30 liter glass fermentor equipped with sparger, impeller, baffles and sampling line. The medium is sterilized by heating at 121°C for two hours, is allowed to cool and is then inoculated with 800 ml of the culture mixture obtained as described above. 

Industrial fermentors, as well as pipings, pipe fittings, and valves, and all parts that come into contact with the culture media and sterilized air are usually constructed from stainless steel. All ofthe inside surfaces should be smooth and easily polished in order to help maintain aseptic conditions. All fermentors (other than the glass type) must incorporate glass windows for visual observation. Naturally, all fermentors should have a variety of fluid inlets and outlets, as well as ports for sampling and instrument insertion. Live steam is often used to sterilize the inside surfaces of the fermentor, pipings, fittings, and valves. 

Attempts have been made to substitute the aqueous buffer with solid contacts such as those based on the ternary system Li-Ag-I [Kreuer, 1990]. The pH elccuodes with solid contacts extend the operable temperature range to about ISO C. This allows pH measurements at a higher temperature or for those applications requiring sterilization as in fermentors. The issue of hydrolysis of the glass surface is more difficult to solve as the... 

To investigate the effects of the different mass transfer mechanisms, breakthrough curves were generated on model monoclonal antibody affinity columns with two types of packings Sepharose 4B (Pharmacia) and controlled-pore glass (Electronucleonics, mean pore size 1273 ft) Mouse monoclonal anti-benzenearsonate IgG was produced in this laboratory by batch culture in a 15 L fermentor. The IgG was purified... 

Few steps are available for the so-called scale-up of fermentors, starting from the glass apparatus used in fundamental research investigations. Usually, chemical... 

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