Giemsa

The packaging of nucleoproteins within chromatids is not random, as evidenced by the characteristic patterns observed when chromosomes are stained with specific dyes such as quinacrine or Giemsa s stain (Figure 36-6). 

Figure 36-6. A human karyotype (of a man with a normal 46,XY constitution), in which the metaphase chromosomes have been stained by the Giemsa method and aligned according to the Paris Convention. (Courtesy of H Lawce and F Conte.)...

Figure 36-12. Sister chromatid exchanges between human chromosomes. These are detectabie by Giemsa staining of the chromosomes of ceiis repiicated for two cycies in the presence of bromodeoxyuridine. The arrows indicate some regions of exchange. (Courtesy of S Wolff and J Bodycote.)...

Fig. 5 BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assay example of focus induced in BALB/c 3T3 clone A31-1-1 after exposure to a carcinogenic compound. Cells are stained with Giemsa stain...

Untreated BALB/c 3T3 cells and solvent-treated cells were used as negative controls. Positive controls were represented by cells treated with the well-known carcinogen 3-MCA (2.5 pg/mL). After 48 h, cells were replenished with fresh normal culture medium and maintained in culture for 4-6 weeks, with biweekly medium changes. Cells were then fixed with methanol, stained with 10% aqueous Giemsa, and scored for foci formation. In order to calculate the number of cells... 

Thick and thin films are best stained with Giemsa stain, as it provides the most detailed and intense staining of parasites. Wright stain can be used for thin films but not for thick films, as it contains alcohol, which will fix the erythrocytes. Wright stain does not stain parasites as well as Giemsa stain. The staining procedure is outlined below. 

Aspirates of bone marrow or spleen may be useful in the diagnosis of infections such as leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, and occasionally malaria. In such instances, Giemsa stains of alcohol-fixed bone marrow films are most useful. Splenic aspiration is rajrely performed in the United States because it is dangerous. 

Prepare a 1 40 dilution of stock Giemsa stain in neutral buffered water, pH 7.0 to 7.2 (generally, 2 ml of Giemsa stock plus 38 ml of buffered water with 0.01% Triton X-100). 

Stain the film for approximately 60 min (the time, which will vary slightly with different lots of stock Giemsa stain, can be determined by the staining of leukocytes and erythrocytes). 

Prepare a 1 50 dilution of stock Giemsa stain in neutral buffered water (pH 7.0 to 7.2). 

Blood Malaria and babesiasis Send unstained and, if available, Giemsa-stained thick and thin films. Fix thin film... 

Much of the confusion was caused by the inadequacy of the staining procedures. By means of the HCl-Giemsa staining technique of Piekarski, many observations have been reported demonstrating the presence of chromatinic structures in bacteria. 

Robinow prepared wet smears of Escherichia coli. Slides were fixed in osmic acid vapor, dried, and immersed in normal HC1 for about 9 min. at S3 to SS°C., then washed and stained in 1 20 Giemsa solution for 10 to 60 min., depending on the staining properties of the specimen. 

The medium is removed and the colonies are fixed and stained, using 5% Giemsa in buffered formalin. Once the colonies are stained, the Giemsa is removed and the colonies are counted. 

Perry, P.E. and Wolff, S. (1974). New Giemsa method for the differential staining of sister chromatids. Nature 251 156-158. 

Chromosomes are spread on the slide as metaphase chromosomes, stained with Giemsa solution to obtain G-banded patterns, and after appropriate washes and treatments, are ready for ISH. 

Giemsa stain chem A stain for hemopoietic tissue and hemoprotozoa consisting of a stock glycerol methanol solution of eosinates of Azure B and methylene blue with some excess of the basic dyes. gem-s3, stan gifblaar poison See fluoroacetic acid. gif,blar. poiz-on ... 

Using Giemsa/agar blocks (see Note 12), map the microwave oven (see Note 13). 

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