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Gibbs-energy change

The standard Gibbs energy change of reaction, is used ia the calculation of equilibrium compositions the standard heat of reaction, is used iu... [Pg.501]

Quantity K is the chemical reaction equilibrium constant for reactionyj and AG° is the corresponding standard Gibbs energy change of reaction (eq. 237). Although called a constant, fC is a function of T, but only of T. [Pg.501]

Each reactant and product appears in the Nemst equation raised to its stoichiometric power. Thermodynamic data for cell potentials have been compiled and graphed (3) as a function of pH. Such graphs are known as Pourbaix diagrams, and are valuable for the study of corrosion, electro deposition, and other phenomena in aqueous solutions.Erom the above thermodynamic analysis, the cell potential can be related to the Gibbs energy change... [Pg.63]

The standard Gibbs-energy change of reaction AG° is used in the calculation of equilibrium compositions. The standard heat of reaclion AH° is used in the calculation of the heat effects of chemical reaction, and the standard heat-capacity change of reaction is used for extrapolating AH° and AG° with T. Numerical values for AH° and AG° are computed from tabulated formation data, and AC° is determined from empirical expressions for the T dependence of the C° (see, e.g., Eq. [4-142]). [Pg.542]

If Gf is arbitrarily set equal to zero for all elements in their standard states, then for compounds Gf = AG°, the standard Gibbs-energy change of formation for species i. In addition, the fugacity is eliminated in favor of the fugacity coefficient by Eq. (4-79),/ = yi jP. With these substitutions, the equation for becomes... [Pg.543]

C (diamond) — C (graphite) has the Gibbs energy change, at one atmosphere... [Pg.23]

Figure 1.9 The balance of endothermic surface energy and the exothermic formation of the stable condensed phase during nucleation from the vapour phase. The critical radius, above which the nuclei become stable, is where the resultant Gibbs energy change has zero slope... Figure 1.9 The balance of endothermic surface energy and the exothermic formation of the stable condensed phase during nucleation from the vapour phase. The critical radius, above which the nuclei become stable, is where the resultant Gibbs energy change has zero slope...
These Huctuations lead to two more components to the Gibbs energy changes in the process. The hrst arises from the fact that the Huctuations represent a local gradient in composition, and hence there is a change in the number of... [Pg.191]

E is Young s modulus and Vav is die average molar volume. Summing these terms the total Gibbs energy change accompanying the fluctuation, AG is... [Pg.193]

It follows that the total Gibbs energy change will be negative, and a fluctuation will be stable, when a wavelength component of the flucmation spectrum conesponds to the relationship... [Pg.193]

The oxidation of nickel-copper alloys provides an example of die dependence of the composition of the oxide layer on the composition of the alloy. Nickel-copper alloys depart from Raoult s law, but as a first approximation can be taken as ideal. The Gibbs energy change for the reaction... [Pg.259]

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction the process is called catalysis, and a reaction in which a catalyst is involved is known as a catalyzed reaction. ... [Pg.225]

During ATP synthesis, protons move down these gradients from outside [Hour] into the mitochondrial matrix each proton doing both electrical and osmotic work (due to the concentration difference) so that the Gibbs energy change is... [Pg.148]

Fig. 1.1 (a) The ionization enthalpies of dipositive lanthanide ions with configurations of the type [Xe]4f" (upper plot left-hand axis), (b) The standard Gibbs energy change of reaction 1 (lower plot right-hand axis estimated value ... [Pg.3]

One main advantage of such a power source is the direct transformation of the chemical energy of methanol combustion into electrical energy. Hence, the reversible cell potential, can be calculated from the Gibbs energy change, AG, associated with the overall combustion reaction of methanol (1), by the equation ... [Pg.70]

Let us write AG for the Gibbs energy change occurring during a chemical reaction m involving the conversion of moles of reactants (index react ) and products ( prod ). We find that... [Pg.41]

This equation links the EMF of a galvanic cell to the Gibbs energy change of the overall current-producing reaction. It is one of the most important equations in the thermodynamics of electrochemical systems. It follows directly from the first law of thermodynamics, since nF% is the maximum value of useful (electrical) work of the system in which the reaction considered takes place. According to the basic laws of thermodynamics, this work is equal to -AG . [Pg.42]


See other pages where Gibbs-energy change is mentioned: [Pg.815]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.17]    [Pg.163]    [Pg.163]    [Pg.522]    [Pg.682]    [Pg.2069]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.63]    [Pg.87]    [Pg.188]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.193]    [Pg.268]    [Pg.272]    [Pg.321]    [Pg.342]    [Pg.145]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.70]    [Pg.41]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.270]    [Pg.399]    [Pg.334]    [Pg.88]    [Pg.175]    [Pg.233]    [Pg.283]    [Pg.486]    [Pg.24]   
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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.44 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.193 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.27 , Pg.28 , Pg.29 , Pg.75 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.558 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.602 , Pg.607 , Pg.608 , Pg.609 , Pg.610 ]




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Change in Gibbs free energy

Change in standard Gibbs free energy

Change of Gibbs Free Energy

Change of Gibbs Free Energy and Chemical Potential

Change of Gibbs energy on mixing

Change of the Gibbs free energy

Chemical reaction standard state Gibbs energy change

Electrochemistry Gibbs energy change

Electrode Potentials and Gibbs Energy Changes for Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Electrode Potentials and Gibbs Free Energy Change of the Overall Reaction

Equilibrium constant relationship to Gibbs energy chang

Equilibrium constants relationship with Gibbs energy change

Formation reaction standard Gibbs free energy change

Formation reaction standard Gibbs-energy change

Formation, Gibbs free energy change

Gibbs Free Energy Changes in Laboratory Conditions

Gibbs Free-Energy Change, AG

Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant

Gibbs energy change enthalpy and entropy

Gibbs energy change equilibrium constant

Gibbs energy change for dissolution of ionic salts in aqueous

Gibbs energy change for oxidation of glucose

Gibbs energy change for oxidation-reduction reactions

Gibbs energy change for subunit association

Gibbs energy change of formation

Gibbs energy change of mixing

Gibbs energy change on reaction

Gibbs energy change on transfer of ions from water to organic

Gibbs energy change plots against oxidation state

Gibbs energy change reaction quotient

Gibbs energy change relationship with

Gibbs energy change solution

Gibbs energy change solvent

Gibbs free energy change

Gibbs free energy change of formation

Gibbs free energy change of reaction

Gibbs free energy change on mixing

Gibbs free energy change per mole

Gibbs free energy change, chemical

Gibbs free energy change, chemical reaction

Gibbs free energy change, for

Gibbs free energy changes with pressure

Gibbs free energy changes with temperature

Gibbs free energy changes, determination

Gibbs free energy, calculating changes

Gibbs free-energy change standard

Gibb’s free energy change

Hydrolysis Gibbs energy changes

Introduction Gibbs energy change

Kinetics free Gibbs energy change

Kinetics, nucleation free Gibbs energy change

Mixing Gibbs energy change

Mixing process Gibbs-energy change

Nucleation free Gibbs energy change

Oxidation states Gibbs energy change plotted against

Oxidation-reduction reactions Gibbs energy changes

Partial molar Gibbs free-energy change

Spontaneous Change Entropy and Gibbs Energy

Spontaneous change Gibbs energy criteria

Standard Gibbs Free-Energy Change for Chemical Reactions

Standard Gibbs energy change

Standard Gibbs energy change equilibrium constant

Standard Gibbs energy change relationship

Standard Gibbs energy change solvent

Standard Gibbs energy change variation with temperature

Standard Gibbs free energy change reactant-favored

Standard Gibbs-energy change of reaction

Standard state Gibbs energy change

Standard state Gibbs energy change reaction temperature

Temperature change Gibbs free energy

Thermodynamics Gibbs energy change , calculation

Thermodynamics Gibbs free energy change

Work and the Gibbs energy change

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