GFRP composite

El-Assal AM, Khashaba UA. Fatigue analysis of unidirectional GFRP composites under combined bending and torsional loads. Compos Struct 2007 79 599-605. 

Figure 15.5 Effect of impactor size and type on the resulting damage in a laminated GFRP composite. Top row various impactor shapes. Middle and bottom rows back-illuminated images of the impact area for each impactor shape at 4(a—d) and 6(e—h) J impact energy, respectively [8].

The electrical SHM of composites refies on the material itself to act as the sensor. Carbon fibers are electrically conductive the epoxy resin is an insulator. The CFRP composite is somehow conductive because the densely packed carbon fibers may touch each other. As damage (e.g., cracks and delamination) takes place in the composite, the electric conductivity is expected to change. The glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite is a nonconductive insulator with certain dielectric properties. Damage in GFRP composites creates microcracks and even... 

Reifsnider et al. [99] used electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ECIS) to monitor woven GFRP composites during cyclic fatigue loading in flexure. The... 

Figure 16.47 Detection of 2 J impact delamination in a GFRP composite with RFLG fibers placed on the top surface, (a) Front face (b) back face [104].

The fagade construction is unusual due to its use of a series of horizontal glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite ribs supported by vertical... 

Non-crimp 3D orthogonal woven composite Equivalent multilayer 2D GFRP composite ... 

Fig. 1.12 (a) Schematic of the weave architecture cross-sections of a three-dimensional non-crimp orthogonal weave GFRP composite with the same structure (b) a section showing the warp tows rnnning horizontally and (c) a section showing the weft tows running horizontally specimen thickness 2.2 mm. 

ASTM (1994) E1640-94. Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. Tomblin, )., Salah, L., and Ng, Y. (2001) Determination of Temperature/Moisture Sensitive Composite Properties. DOT-FAA Report DOT/FAA/AR-01/40, Office of Aviation Research, Washington, DC. Bai, Y., Post, N.L, Lesko, J.J., and Keller, T. (2008) Experimental investigations on temperature-dependent thermophysical and mechanical properties of pultmded GFRP composites. Thermochim. Acta, 469, 28-35. 

Figure 4.19 Mass fraction from different thermal loading programs for powdery GFRP composites curves at constant heating rates from TGA, and modeling curve based on ISO fire curve [30]. (With permission from SAGE.)...

Bai, Y., Post, N.L., Lesko, ).)., and Keller, T. (2008) Experimental investigations on temperature-dependent thermophysical and mechanical properties of pultmded GFRP composites. Thermochim. Acta, 469, 28-35. 

Different thermophysical property models were developed and introduced in Chapter 4. Furthermore, full-scale experimental comparative studies were conducted on cellular beams and columns of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites, especially for civil engineering apphcations [21, 22]. The experimental procedures and results will be introduced in this chapter and the thermophysical property models from Chapter 4 will be assembled in the final governing equation to predict the thermal responses. The results obtained from the mathematical models will be compared to experimental results in this chapter. 

Traditionally, material design requirements that suit such demanding end-use applications have been limited within the domain of engineering plastics based on polyamide 6 or 66, polyester alloys, and polyacetal type resins. However, as described in Chapter 1, glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (GFRP) composites continue to gain a market share in automotive molded parts. 

Many factors are responsible for closing the performance gap between composites of engineering plastics and polypropylene (PP) resins. Enhanced mechanical properties of GFRP composites are primarily due to practical utilization of... 

The underlying factors that determine the mechanical strength of GFRP composites are many and interrelated ... 

Mader and Freitag (14) used the single-fiber pullout method to characterize the interfacial shear strength of chemically coupled GFRP composites having the polymer matrix also modified by acrylic acid grafted polypropylene. By using... 

Pukanszky (18) defines the interphase as the immobilized polymer layer. Increased interphase thickness is deemed equivalent to increased filler content. Consequently, both strength and stiffness of the composite increases with the relative thickness of the interphase. Therefore, thermal and mechanical properties of GFRP composites are clearly related to the characteristics of an interphase having a three-dimensional microstructure. 

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