Germanium sulfide film

Ge02, based on their middle infrared absorption spectra and thickness (Xu, 2000b). This value was typical of most germanium sulfide films via Route C. The GeS films via route D were found to contain between about 2-10% Ge-O bonds, i.e. 1-5% GeOa, based on their middle-infrared absorption spectra and thickness data. 

In recent years, germanium sulfides have been prepared for glass films that are widely applied in many fields. 

In order to prepare sulfide glass planar waveguides, germanium sulfide glass films were recently prepared in our group. GeS based films could be prepared by three different sol-gel processing routes, namely B, C and D. 

The concentration of Ge-O bonds in sulfide films can be estimated based on Beer s law (Griffiths, 1986), although an accurate quantitative assessment of the sulfide/oxide ratio by IR spectroscopy would require knowledge of Ihe relevant absorption coefficients. Assuming the value ofa(v) for Ge-O bonds to remain ihe same in germanium sulfide and pure Ge02 films, the sulfide films were found to contain -6% Ge-O bonds, i.e. 3 mol%... 

Martins 0., Xu J., Almeida R.M. Sol-gel processing of germanium sulfide based films. 1. Non-Cryst. Sohds 1999 256 257 25-30... 

Because the ion-assisted processes enable deposition at temperatures less than 100°C, deposition of diamond like coatings has been attempted on a wide range of substrates, e.g., stainless steel, Copper, ceramics,optical materials (plastics, polymers and polycarbonates),glasses,quartz, sapphire,infrared-transmitting optical materials such as germanium, zinc sulfide and zinc selenide, and a variety of electronic grade materials. Although thin films can be produced... 

Photon detectors consist of a thin film of semiconductor material, such as lead sulfide, lead telluride, indium antimonide, or germanium doped with copper or mercury, deposited on a nonconducting glass and sealed into an evacuated envelope. Photon flux impinging on the semiconductor increases its conductivity. Lead-sulfide detectors are sensitive to radiation below about 3 fj.m in wavelength and have a response time of about 10 /nsec. Doped germanium detectors cooled to liquid-helium temperatures are sensitive to radiation up to about 120 jitm in wavelength, and have a response time of approximately 1 nsec. 

Nanoskiving forms intact stmctures from films of relatively soft and compliant metals (softer than platinum, or those with bulk values of hardness < 500 MPa, Vickers scale), while hard and stiff materials tend to fragment (those harder than irickel, or >500 MPa). The Whitesides laboratory has successfully formed nanostmctures of aluminum, copper, silver, gold, lead, bismuth, palladium, platinum, nickel, germanium, silicon dioxide, all conducting and semiconduaing polymers tested, and films of lead sulfide nanocrystals. ... 

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