Geochemical cycles carbon

The reservoir containing carbon as a principal element in the geochemical cycle, carbon sink... 

Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C., and Garrels, R. M. (1983). The carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle and its effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past 100 million years. Am. J. Sci. 283, 641-683. 

Hudson R. J. M. et al. (1994). Modeling the global carbon cycle Nitrogen fertilization of the terrestrial biosphere and the "missing" CO2 sink. Global Bio-geochem. Cycles 8, 307-333. 

Biodegradation. Under aerobic conditions, biodegradation results in the mineralization of an organic compound to carbon dioxide and water and—if the compound contains nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, or chlorine—with the release of ammonium (or nitrite), sulfate, phosphate, or chloride. These inorganic products may then enter well-established geochemical cycles. Under anaerobic conditions, methane may be formed in addition to carbon dioxide, and sulfate may be reduced to sulhde. 

Figure 6. Carbon bio geochemical cycle in the hypothec forest ecosystem (Schulze, 2000). 

Milliman JD (1993) Production and accumulation of calcium carbonate in the ocean budget of a non-steady state. Global Geochem Cycles 7 927-957... 

Kump LR (1989) Alternative modeling approaches to the geochemical cycles of carbon, sulfur and strontium isotopes. Am J, Sd 289 390-410 Kump LR (2005) Ironing out biosphere oxidation. Science 307 1058-1059 Kump LR, Arthur MA (1999) Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions carbonates and organic matter, Chem Geol, 161 181-198... 

Nishio Y, Sasaki S, Gamo T, Hiyagon H, Sano Y (1998) Carbon and helium isotope systematics of North Fiji basin basalt glasses carbon geochemical cycle in the subduction zone. Earth Planet Sci Lett 154 127-138... 

Wright I, Grady MM, PUlinger CT (1990) The evolution of atmospheric C02 on Mars the perspective from carbon isotope measurements. 1 Geophys Res 95 14789-14794 Wunder B Meixner A, Romer R, Wirth R, Heinrich W (2005) The geochemical cycle of boron constraints from boron isotope partitioning experiments between mica and fluid. Lithos 84 ... 

Kuhlbusch, T. A. J., and P. J. Crutzen, Toward a Global Estimate of Black Carbon in Residues of Vegetation Fires Representing a Sink of Atmospheric C02 and a Source of 02, Global Bio-geochem. Cycl., 9, 491-501 (1995). 

Figure 10.31. Schematic diagram of a three-box (reservoir) model of a closed-system geochemical cycle of a substance (e.g., carbon). The reservoir masses are designated Mi, M2, and M3, and the rates of transfer (fluxes) of a substance between boxes are shown as Fy, where i and j = 1,2,3, but i j. The mass balances for the three reservoirs are given by the three differential equations, kjj are first-order rate constants (units of 1/T) and T is time.

Figure 10.39. Perturbation of the CO2-O2 geochemical cycle illustrated in Figure 10.38. In this case, the perturbation was a doubling of the carbon flux related to marine productivity. Changes in reservoir masses and the carbon flux to the seafloor are shown as a function of time. (After Garrels et al., 1976.).

Figure 10.41. Schematic diagram of processes involved in the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle. (After Berner and Lasaga, 1989.)... 

Figure 10.42. A quantitative box model of the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle. Reservoir masses are in units of 1018 moles, and fluxes in units of 1018 moles per million years. Comparison with Figure 10.32 gives some idea how flux values and portrayal of the cycle have changed during the last decade and a half. (After Lasaga et aJ., 1985.)...

Figure 10.43. Results of model calculations of the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle illustrated in Figure 10.42. The corresponding changes in atmospheric CO2 and temperature during the last 100 million years are evident. Notice how organic carbon burial may play a strong role as a negative feedback mechanism for a perturbation in atmospheric CO2 driven by tectonics. (After Lasaga et al., 1985.)...

Petsch, S.T. (2000) A study on the weathering of organic matter in black shales and implications for the geochemical cycles of carbon and oxygen. Ph.D dissertation, Yale University. 

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