Clinical genomics

That bacterial resistance predates the era of clinical use of antibiotics by several hundred millions of years is the recent result of genomic sequence data mining from antibiotic-producing microorganisms. These are supposed to be the inventors of antibiotic resistance genes which they had developed to protect themselves from the lethal action of their own antibiotics [4]. 

Baltimore D (1971) Expression of animal virus genomes. Bacteriol Rev 35 235-241 Baltimore D (1988) Gene therapy. Intracellular immunization. Nature 335 395-396 Bauer DJ (1985) A history of the discovery and clinical application of antiviral drugs. Br Med Bull... 

Gieger C, Deneke H, Pluck J. The future of text mining in genome-based clinical research. Biosilico 2003 1 97-102. 

It is interesting to note that the foremost challenges for the detailed modeling of the intact organism (computing time, complexity of interactions, model selection) are very similar to those entailed by the analysis of proteomic or genomic data. In the clinical case, complexity shifts from the richness of the data set to the model formulation, whereas in the proteomic-genomic case the main source of difficulties is the sheer size of the data set however, at least at present, interpretative tools are rather uncomplicated. 

McKusick VA The anatomy of the human genome a neo-Vesalian basis for medicine in the 21st century. JAMA 2001 286 2289. (The November 14, 2001, issue contains a number of other excellent articles—eg, on clinical proteomics, pharmacogenomics—relating to the Human Genome Project and its impact on medicine.)... 

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