Genetic engineering E. coli

Panel (a) shows 8 test strips impregnated with genetically engineered E. coli bacteria whose genes are turned on by arsenite (HAsO ). When the strips are exposed to drinking water, a blue spot develops whose size increases with the concentration of arsenite in the water. By comparing the spot with a set of standards, we can estimate whether arsenic is above or below 50 ppb. We call the test strip a biosensor, because it uses biological components in its operation. 

Chevalet, L., Robert, A., Gueneau, F., Bonnefoy, J.Y. and Nguyen, T. (2000) Recombinant protein production driven by the tryptophan promoter is tightly controlled in ICONE 200, a new genetically engineered E. coli mutant. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 69, 351-358. 

Another cytokine class used as a biopharmaceutical is interleukin (IL), which consists of at least 25 different subtypes (IL-1 to IL-25). Except for IL-1, most interleukins are glycosylated and have a molar mass in the range of 15-30 kDa. IL-2 is the most well studied interleukin, and its recombinant form is approved for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Since the absence of glycosylation does not affect its biological activity, rIL-2 is produced in genetically engineered E. coli. 

Lawford, H. G. and Rousseau, J. D., Effect of acetic acid on xylose conversion to ethanol by genetically engineered E. coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1992, 34-35, 185-204. 

Prakash, S., and Chang T. M. S. (2000), In vitro and in vivo uric acid lowering by artificial cells containing microencapsulated genetically engineered E. coli DH5 cells, Int. J. Artif. Organs, 23,429-435. 

Praskan, S., Chang, T.M.S. Preparation and in vitro analysis of mieroencapsulated genetically engineered E. coli DH5 cells for urea and ammonia removal. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1995, 46 (6), 621-626. 

Demonstration that synthetic polypeptides of prion protein produced in a genetically engineered E. coli cell-free system produced a TSE disease in transgenic mice overexpressing prion protein (Legname et al., 2004) ... 

Currently, the P(4HB) homopolymer has been commercially produced by Tepha Inc., USA, in a large-scale fermentation facility of genetically engineered E. coli and developed as a new absorbable material for implantable medical applications [226]. 

Aim of this research was to increase efficiency of producing T. thermophilus PyrNPase in cells of genetically engineered E. coli strain by optimizing the structure of the respective translated mRNA and to investigate enzymatic synthesis of purine 3 -fluoro-3 -deoxy- and 3 -fluoro-2, 3 -dideoxynucleosides possessing antiviral and cytostatic activities from the available pyrimidine nucleosides engaging tandem reactions in the presence of recombinant nucleoside phosphorylases [8],... 

Clomburg and Gonzalez (2011) succeeded in using crude glycerol as a substrate for genetically engineered E. coli for the synthesis of 1,2-PDO. They obtained a 1,2-PDO yield of... 

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