Generalized energy approach

In Ref. [18], we have presented a generalized energy approach in the relativistic theory of discharge of a metastable nucleus with emission of y quantum and further muon conversion, which initiates this discharge. The numerical calculation... 

Le Hung presented a general theoretical approach for calculating the Galvani potential Ajyj at the interface of two immiscible electrolyte solutions, e.g., aqueous (w) and organic solvent (s) [25]. Le Hung s approach allows the calculation of when the initial concentration (Cj), activity coefficients (j/,) and standard energies of transfer of ions (AjG ) are known in both solutions. 

The successful prediction of superconductivity in the high pressure Si phases added much credibility to the total energy approach generally. It can be argued that Si is the best understood superconductor since the existence of the phases, their structure and lattice parameters, electronic structure, phonon spectrum, electron-phonon couplings, and superconducting transition temperatures were all predicted from first principles with the atomic number and atomic mass as the main input parameters. 

Ideally, one would like to use the tensorial approach used In the Section 7.6 to calculate the energy dissipation. The generalized energy equation has a number of terms [58] ... 

M. A. Is la and J. Cerda. A general algorithmic approach to the optimal synthesis of energy-efficient distillation train designs. Chem. Eng. Comm., 54 353, 1987. 

Abstract, The solution of the Debye-Huckel equation for a system of spheres with arbitrary radii and surface charge in electrolyte solutions is described. The general theoretical approach to describe such systems is elaborated. The practically important case of two spheres is considered in detail. Finite closed formulae to calculate the interaction energy of two spherical particles with constant surface charges are obtained from general expressions in zero approximation. Known relationships follow from our formulae in limiting cases. 

A general theoretical approach to monolayer physical adsorption is discussed. In this theory, the isotherms and heats of adsorption at given T are given as functions of the interaction energies of the adsorbed atoms with the solid and with each other. The general equations reduce to localized and mobile adsorption when the potential variations over the surface are either very large or very small. Intermediate cases are also included. Gas atom-solid interaction energy functions are computed from the known pair interaction potentials for several rare gas systems, and it is shown that a considerable amount of information can be obtained about the adsorption properties of such systems from these potential functions. 

In the general iterative approach, one first determines the equilibrium state for the product composition at an initially assumed value of the temperature and pressure, and then one checks to see whether the energy equation is satisfied. Chemical equilibrium is usually described by either of two equivalent formulations— equilibrium constants or minimization of free energy. For such simple problems as determining the decomposition temperature of a monopropellant having few exhaust products or examining the variation of a specific species with temperature... 

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