Gemcitabine pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine and doxorubicin did not differ when they were given on the same day, when compared with when they were given alone in patients with breast cancer. Similarly, gemcitabine pharmacokinetics were unchanged by the concurrent use of epirubicin and paclitaxel in patients with breast cancer, and gemcitabine did not alter the interaction between epirubicin and paclitaxel (see Anthracyclines -i-Taxanes , p.612). 

Immordino ML, et al. Preparation, characterization, cytotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of liposomes containing lipophilic gemcitabine prodrugs. J Control Release 2004 100 331. 

Goss G et al (2009) A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of daily oral cediranib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinases, in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer a study of the national cancer institute of Canada clinical trials group. Eur J Cancer 45 782-788... 

Pharmacokinetics Gemcitabine is administered intravenously. It is deaminated to difluorodeoxyuridine, which is not cytotoxic, and is excreted in the urine. 

Kuenen BC, Rosen L, Smit EF, Parson MR, Levi M, et al. 2002. Dosefinding and pharmacokinetics study of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and SU5416 in patients with solid tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 20 1657-67... 

Venook AP, Egorin MJ, Rosner GL, et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of gemcitabine in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction cancer and leukemia group B 9565. J Chn Oncol 2000 18 2780-2787. 

Gemcitabine is administered as an intravenous infusion. The pharmacokinetics of the parent compound are largely determined by deamination, and the predominant urinary elimination product is the inactive metabolite difluorodeox-yuridine (dFdU). Gemcitabine has a short plasma half-life of approximately 15 minutes, with women and elderly... 

There was no change in the pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine or erlotinib on concurrent use in a phase 1 study... 

Pharmacokinetic analysis has shown that gemcitabine enhances systemic exposure to fluorouraeil in patients with pancreatic carcinoma given folinic acid, fluorouraeil, and gemcitabine. In addition, in vitro, gemcitabine increases the accumulation of fluorouraeil and its cytotoxicity. Further study is needed. 

The concurrent use of gemcitabine and doxorubicin or epirubicin does not appear to affect the pharmacokinetics of either drug. An in vitro study found that the efficacy of the combination of gemcitabine and epirubicin may be schedule-dependent. 

Wang, H., Li, M., Rinehart, J.J., Zhang, R. (2004). Dexamethasone as a chemoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy hematoprotective effects and altered pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of carboplatin and gemcitabine. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol, 53(6), 459-467. 

Pharmacokinetics Gemcitabine has a narrow therapeutic index. Administration is intravenous and the standard infusion time is 30 minutes. Owing to saturation of deoxycytidine kinase at higher doses, prolonged infusion times have been explored as a means of maximizing the rate of triphosphate formation (i.e. fixed-rate infusions). Although... 

Preeman, K.B. Anhker, S. Hamilton, M. Osborne, D. Dhahir, P.H. Nelson, R. Allerheiligen, S.R.B. Validated assays for the determination of gemcitabine in human plasma and urine using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection, J.Chromatogr.B, 1995, 665, 171-181. [normal phase LOQ 50 ng/mL pharmacokinetics]... 

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