Gel glass

The polymerization filling was effected by the ion-coordination mechanism [17-19]. The monomers were ethylene, propylene, allene, os-butylene, butadiene. The fillers were mineral materials such as ash, graphite, silica gel, glass fibers. The ultimate aim of filler conditioning prior to polymerization is to secure, on its surface, metal complex or organometallic catalysts by either physical or chemical methods [17-19],... 

Recently, interesting composite materials incorporating polymeric materials into the sol-gel glasses have been reported by Wilkes and his co-workers [9]. These materials are named ceramers . The properties of ceramers strongly depend on the reaction conditions, i.e., acidity, water content, reaction temperature, the amount of organic polymer, the molecular weight of polymer, solvent, and so on. 

Reisfeld R, Jorgensen CK (1991) Optical Properties of Colorants or Luminescent Species in Sol-Gel Glasses. 77 207-256... 

New Hybrid Materials Incorporating Poly (tetramethylene oxide) into Tetraethoxysilane-Based Sol—Gel Glasses... 

It should be also mentioned that careful optical determination of the nature of precursors and solving the gel-glass dichotomy would be of great value to the physics of amorphous state. 

Braun, S., Rappoport, S., Zusman, R., Avnir, D. and Ottolenghi, M. (1990) Biochemically active sol-gel glasses the trapping of enzymes. Materials Letters, 10, 1-5. 

Sol-gel glass as a new support matrix in immunoafBnity chromatography. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 352, 654—659. 

Fig. 12.14 Mechanical parameters calculated by nano-indenta-tion tests for a conventional sol—gel glass and two different bioactive star gels with analogous Ca/Si molar ratio.

Tab. 12.3 Fracture toughness (K c) values of a conventional sol-gel glass, star gels and those obtained for human cortical bone by different authors.

Vallet-Regi, M., Romero, A.M., Ragel, C.V. and LeGeros, R.Z. (1999) XRD, SEM-EDS, and FTIR studies of in vitro growth of an apatite-like layer on sol-gel glasses. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 44, 416-421. 

Arcos, D., Greenspan, D.C. and Vallet-Regi, M. (2002) Influence of the stabilization temperature on textural and structural features and ion release in Si02-Ca0-P20s sol-gel glasses. Chemistry of Materials, 14, 1515-1522. 

Salinas, A.J., Merino, J.M., Hijon, N., Martin, A.I. and Vallet-Regi, M. (2004) Bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids based on CaO-Si02 sol-gel glasses. Key Engineering Materials, 254-256, 481-484. 

Vallet-Regi, M., Salinas, A.J., Ramirez-Castellanos, J. and Gonzalez-Calbet, J. M. (2005) Nanostructure of bioactive sol-gel glasses and organic inorganic hybrids. Chemistry of Materials, 17, 1874-1879. 

MacCraith B.D., Ruddy V., Potter C., O Kelly B., McGilp J.F., Optical waveguide sensor using evanescent wave excitation of fluorescent dye in sol-gel glass. Electron. Lett. 1991 27 1247. 

---