Gastric juice, blood group substances

As we know at present, the mucoproteose fraction includes the following materials (1) most of the gastric fucomucins, as well as some of the blood group substances, i.e., most of the neutral polysaccharides of the dissolved mucin fraction linked to their peptide moiety, (2) y-globulin and probably also P-globulin, which pass into the gastric juice from the serum (G16, G42, Hll, H20, H55) and probably account for the presence of mannose in this fraction (Gll), (3) some of the pep-tidic degradation products of serum albumin and visible mucus, which are partly dialyzable (G16, K2), (4) native intrinsic factor, the related primary vitamin Bi2 binder, and tertiary vitamin Bia binder related to the neutral mucosubstances (G14, Ul, U2). 

The composition of various blood group substances from human gastric juice, as reported by Masamune et al. (M22), Tiba (T29) and Yosizawa (Y3), varies only little. The N content is in the range 4.7-4.9%, hexos-amine 29.0-30.8%, galactose 26.6-27.8%, fucose 12.9-14.1%, and sialic acid 3.0-5.2%. Presence of considerable amounts of sialic acid in these materials perhaps indicates their contamination with sialomucin. 

In work from our laboratory, Ibanez determined the composition of the first fractions eluted from the Amberlite IRC-50 column of gastric juice pools from indh iduals with various blood groups. The first fraction eluted with citrate of pH 3.2-S.5 is known (R4, R4a) to contain blood group substances. 

Price Evans (E7) found a good correlation between the titer of blood group substances and the fucose concentration in gastric juice of persons with established blood group and salivary ABH secretor status. 

A correlation did not exist in individuals of diflferent secretory status, because contribution of fucose to gastric juice by the Le" type of blood group substances was unknown. 

Fig. 24. Incidence of non-secietors of blood group substances AB(H) in the gastric juice of 175 patients with various gastric diseases. From Glass et ail. (G43).

Fig. 26. H blood group substance and HCl concentration in gastric juice...

Katzka and Riss extended these rat studies (K9) and found that inhibitory material was present in gastric juice of normals and patients with pernicious anemia and in human saliva, but was absent from normal human serum, hog intrinsic factor concentrate, and purified blood group substance A. Gastric juice fractionation by starch block electrophoresis yielded inhibitory material in the protein fraction remaining at the origin, which was the largest fraction in pernicious anemia gastric juice. 

Gyorgy (G77) demonstrated the presence of a factor required for the growth of L. bifidus in milk (especially human). However, it was also found in other body fluids, including human gastric juice (even from a pernicious anemia patient), and in hog gastric mucin and blood group substances A and B (G77, G78, S36, S37). 

G43. Class, G. B. J., Ishimori, A., and Buckwalter, J. A., ABO(H) blood group substances of the gastric juice in peptic ulcer, cancer of the stomach, and atrophic lesions of the gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology 42, 443-454 (1962). 

In studies performed in association with J. A. Buckwalter s group from Iowa City, we studied the distribution of ABO(H) blood group substances in the electrophoretic partition of gastric juice (G3a, G6). Several acid and anacid pools of gastric juice were subjected to continuous electrophoresis on paper curtain in borate buffer of pH 9.0, 0.06. The... 

Fig. 14. Blood group substances AB(H) in the electrophoretic partition on paper curtain of a pool of normal human gastric juices. From Glass (G3a).

Fig. 31. Chromatography of normal acid gastric juice oa Amberhte IRC-50 column. The chromatogram of a posthistamine stimulated acid-containing gastric juice specimen from a normal individual. There are 6 protein peaks peak II contains pepsin and peak III, gastricsin. Hexoses are always eluted with peak I, and almost always with peaks IV and V. Blood group substances A and B, when present, are eluted in peak I. From Welsh et al. (Wll).

U3. Ujiie, M., Clinical studies on gastric juice protein—Fractionation studies on the distribution of blood group substances in gastric juice protein. Sapporo Med. J. 16, 279-296 (1959). 

---