Gaskets flat design

Fig. 10.1. Some common high-pressure tank fittings. The seal in the top three fittings is made by contact between the nipple in the connection and the seat in the outlet. Note the cone-shaped, round, and bullet-shaped nipples for (a), (b), and (c) respectively. The bottom connection (d) is sealed by means of a flat soft-metal gasket. Never attempt to mix outlet and connections between the various designs. Note the grooves on the connection nuts for connections (b), (c), and (d). This groove indicates a fitting with left-handed threads. (Reproduced by permission of the copyright holder, Mathe-son Gas Products, Inc.)...

Fig. 7.11. Flat-gel vertical electrophoresis apparatus a more complex design, adaptable for the utilisation of several flat gels simultaneously. A is the anode, B an inlet for circulation of buffer in the upper reservoir, C, D the sample slot former, E the electrode, F the gel, H a sUicone rubber gasket, J the lower reservoir and K the outlet for buffer circulation from the lower reservoir (by courtesy of Universal...

Flat gasket seals must be preloaded with a force equivalent to the force that will be exerted by the pressure within the vessel. A flanged bolt closure or split ring bolt closure design can be used to achieve this preload. Closure bolts should be evenly tightened to a specified torque that will provide the proper closing force. 

This reactor utilizes a monopolar connection to the electrodes which may be, for example, a flat plate, lantern blade electrodes or an expanded mesh, with provision for additional turbulence promoters if required. This design does not Utilize cell frames as such rather, electrode spacing is achieved via a shaped gasket which is moulded to provide secure sealing. The electrolyte flow ts via internal manifolding, each electrode incorporating an inlet and outlet port to distribute flow over its surface (Fig, 2.31(a)). 

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