Gas-Generating Compositions

Preferred vinyltetrazoles include 5-amino-l-vinyltetrazole and poly-(5-vinyltetrazole). These compounds exhibit self-propagating thermolysis or thermal decomposition. 

Poly(5-amino-l-vinyltetrazole) does not show an endothermic reaction before the exothermic decomposition begins. Therefore, the heat-consuming step normally attendant prior to the energy releasing steps of combustion that acts as an energy barrier is not present. 

An oxidizer is combined with the fuel polymer and is made up from phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate, i.e., ammonium nitrate co-precipitated 

Ammonium nitrate-containing pyrotechnic gas-generating formulations may suffer from phase changes in a crystalline structure associated with volumetric expansion during temperature cycling. Potassium nitrate and cupric oxide have a synergistic effect in stabilizing ammonium ni- 

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In gas-generation compositions [292], explosive [293-298] Bacillus lichenifomis strain was isolated from industrial waste containing high concentrations of the explosive [295]... 

GUDN is a high explosive developed by the Swedish Defence Research Agency FOI. It provides good thermal stability, low water solubility and no hygroscopicty. It is used as a fuel in gas-generating compositions, and may be used for LOVA applications. 

Composition and Parameters of an Optimum Gas Generating Composition for Gas Dynamic Laser Studies... 

The synthesis of a gas-generating composition starts with the synthesis of a poly(vinyltriazole). A substituted triazole salt is added to a free radical brominating reagent, such as A-bromo succinimide, and to a radical initiator to form a brominated triazole. The brominated triazole is then added to triphenylphosphine to form a Wittig salt. Formaldehyde in alkaline medium effects the formation of a vinyltriazole salt, which can be polymerized with AIBN and a catalytic amount of a cationic initiator or a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The reaction sequence is shown in Figure 9.10. 

Williams GK, Burns SP, Mishra IB. Gas generating compositions. WO patent 2005035466, assigned to Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc, USA 2005. 

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